chapter 1 - atoms

Question 1

what is an atom?

Answer 1

a particle that makes up elements.

Question 2

what is an element?

Answer 2

substance made up of one type of atom.

Question 3

what is a compound?

Answer 3

2 or more elements that are chemically combined.

Question 4

what is a molecule?

Answer 4

2 or more atoms that are bonded and float around.

Question 5

state symbol for solid…

Answer 5

s

Question 6

state symbol for liquid…

Answer 6

l

Question 7

state symbol for gases…

Answer 7

g

Question 8

state symbol for aqueous…

Answer 8

aq

Question 9

In a chemical reaction no atom is created or destroyed. The atom in the reactants are rearranged to make products. This is known as the law of…

Answer 9

conservation of mass

Question 10

A mixture of iron and sawdust can be separated by…

Answer 10

a magnet

Question 11

sodium chloride dissolved in salty water can be separated by …

Answer 11

distillation

Question 12

mud mixed with water can be separated by…

Answer 12

filtration

Question 13

Do compounds have a fixed composition?

Answer 13

yes

Question 14

Do mixtures have a fixed composition?

Answer 14

no

Question 15

How can compounds be separated ?

Answer 15

chemically

Question 16

How can mixtures be separated?

Answer 16

By distillation, filtration or a magnet.what

Question 17

what can be used to separate salt solutions?

Answer 17

crystallisation

Question 18

what is a fractioning Column?

Answer 18

apparatus for separating many liquids with similar boiling points.

Question 19

what is a condenser?

Answer 19

apparatus that cools a gas down and turns it into a liquid.

Question 20

what is fractional distillation?

Answer 20

method used to separate many liquids with similar boiling points.

Question 21

what is miscible?

Answer 21

liquids that dissolve in each other and mix completely.

Question 22

what is simple distillation?

Answer 22

technique used to separate 2 liquids with different boiling points.

Question 23

what is the relative charge of a proton?

Answer 23

+1

Question 24

what is the relative charge of a neutron?

Answer 24

0

Question 25

what is the relative charge of an electron?

Answer 25

-1

Question 26

mass number =

Answer 26

number of protons + neutrons.

Question 27

Atomic number =

Answer 27

number of protons

Question 28

what is an ion?

Answer 28

charged particle or atom that has gained or lost charge.

Question 29

what is an isotope?

Answer 29

atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

Question 30

Ions don’t have the same number of ___ as they do ___ so they have an ___ charge.

Answer 30

positive protons / negative electrons / overall

Question 31

If one electron is lost then an ion will have a …

Answer 31

1+ charge

Question 32

If one electron is gained, what charge will the ion have?

Answer 32

1- charge

Question 33

Isotopes always have the same ____ but different ____.

Answer 33

atomic number / mass number

Question 34

some isotopes are radioactive because …

Answer 34

it has an extra neutron making the nucleus unstable.

Question 35

Different isotopes of the same element have different _____ properties but the same ____ properties. This is because their reactions depend on their _____ structures.

Answer 35

physical / chemical / electronic