Chapter 1 - Atomic Structure And The Periodic Table

Question 1

Atomic number

Answer 1

(Z) of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element

Question 2

Mass number

Answer 2

Sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons in the nucleus of that atom

Question 3

Isotopes

Answer 3

Atoms of the same element with different masses

Question 4

Relative atomic mass

Answer 4

Weighted mean (average) mass of an element compared to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

Question 5

Relative isotopic mass

Answer 5

Mass of an individual atom of particular isotope relative to 1/12 of mass of atom of carbon-12

Question 6

Molecular ion peak

Answer 6

Peak w highest m/z ration in mass spectrum

Question 7

Orbital

Answer 7

Region within atom that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins

Question 8

Electronic configuration

Answer 8

Shows number of electrons in each sub level in each energy level of atom

Question 9

Hund’s rule

Answer 9

States that electrons will occupy orbitals singularly before pairing takes place

Question 10

Pauli exclusion principle

Answer 10

States that two electrons cannot occupy an orbital unless they have opposite spins

Electron spin shown by use of upward and downward arrows

Question 11

First ionisation energy

Answer 11

Energy required to remove an electron from each atom in one mole of atoms in the gaseous state

Question 12

Second ionisation energy

Answer 12

Energy required to remove an electron from each singly charged positive ion in one mole of positive ions in the gaseous state