Chapter 1 And 2 L01 Organisations And Management

Question 1

Who listed 6 themes in the evolution of personnel management to hrm

Answer 1

Torrington 2008

Question 2

List evolution 1

Answer 2

Welfare approach - to improve working conditions and avoid adversarial industrial relations- 19th century.

Question 3

Evolution 2

Answer 3

Humane bureaucracy - 20th century - Taylor’s scientific management based on piece work incentividing workers - Mayo human relations based on the Hawthorne experiment identified the importance of group formation

Question 4

Evolution 3

Answer 4

Strong unions and period of negotiated consent., managing workers by representative system and collective agreement

Question 5

Evolution 4

Answer 5

From late 1960 focuse d on organisation provided by personnel specialist. Providing career path. Workforce planning

Question 6

Evolution 5

Answer 6

Hrm 1980 focus performance. Monitoring and control. Workers as individuals and flexibility

Question 7

Evolution 6

Answer 7

New hr droven by competitve advantage. Customer focus. Legal compliance. Management of people rather than job. Snell snd Lepak

Question 8

Weber classified organisations according to the nature of what

Answer 8

Legitinacy of power or authority

Question 9

How many types of legitimacy did weber state and what are they

Answer 9

3. traditional.(established authority of institution) Charismatic ( personal authority of individuals ) and rational legal (system of rules devised for rational reasons)

Question 10

All bureaucracies share similiar characteristics says who

Answer 10

STEWART

Question 11

What characteristics do bureaucracies share

Answer 11

Specialisation. Hierarchical. Formal rules and impersonality. In the best circimstances these allow bureaucraticies to function smoothly

Question 12

What type of org is best suited to bureaucracy

Answer 12

Effevtive where large numbers of identical task are repetitive. Rigid chain of command is favoured. Where little initiative is required since workers just follow rules

Question 13

If workers in a bureaucratic org are like efficient cogs in a machine what problems could this cause

Answer 13

Lack of motivation. As a rules based organisation, workers may not bend rules to suit customer demand. Resistant to organisational change. Alienation as they do not see finished product to which they have contributed. Hierarchical aporoach prevents democratic approach to problem solving. Delayed communication. Workers find it difficult to question decisions

Question 14

Who summarised the ideal post bureaucratic type in contrasts to weber

Answer 14

Charles heckscher

Question 15

List Charles heckscher post bureaucratic ideal type

Answer 15

Rules replaced with dialogue and consensus. Responsibilities are assigned based on competency rather than hierarchy. Treated as individuals rather than impersonally. Work is flexible as to hours and designated place of work

Question 16

Who claims that bureaucratic organisations restrict psychological growth

Answer 16

Argyris 1957

Question 17

What are the 4 employee hr outcomes using havard soft model of hrm

Answer 17

4’C congruence. Cost effectivenes. Commitment. Competence

Question 18

Who developed the hrm model havard model

Answer 18

Beer et al 1985

Question 19

Who developed the hard model of hrm

Answer 19

Michigan model by frombrun et al 1984

Question 20

What is stakeholder theory

Answer 20

Stakeholder theory is a theory of management and business ethics that addresses morals and values in managing an organisation

Question 21

Name author of typology of stakeholders in terms of power, legitimacy and urgency

Answer 21

Mitchell et al 1997

Question 22

Combibation of power legitimacy and urgency result in which 3 groups of stakeholders

Answer 22

Latent, expectant and definitive

Question 23

Mitchell et al developed s theory of stakeholder identification an salience using which 3 attributes

Answer 23

Power legitimacy urgency

Question 24

In stakeholder theory what does salience mean

Answer 24

The degree to which manages give priority to competing stakeholder claims

Question 25

Define stakeholder theory attributes

Answer 25

Power - abitlity to impose their will on s given relationship by coerce. Utilitarian means
Legitimate- actions and claims appropriate proper and desirable
Urgency - degree to which stakeholder claim is time sensitive or critical

Question 26

The more attributes a stakeholder had the greater its salience. What combinarion would give greater salience

Answer 26

Power.legitimacy.urgency

Question 27

CSR is

Answer 27

Orgs integrate social and environment concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with shareholders on a voluntary basis

Question 28

Why csr

Answer 28

Org image and reputation
Demands of consumers and pressure groups, financial reporting disclosure of information. Makes org more attractive to creditors

Question 29

What are the three approaches in studying organisation theory

Answer 29

Modernist
Symbolic
Post modern

Question 30

What is the agency problem

Answer 30

Conflict of interest inherent in any relationship where one party is elected to act in another’s best interest. The manager acting as the agent for shareholders at detriment to workers.

Question 31

Tyson 1995 definition of hr strategy

Answer 31

Set of ideas policies and practices which management adopt on order to a people nanagement objective

Question 32

Winstanley et al raised ethical concerns of the lowering of employment standards what are they

Answer 32

Job security
Surveillance and controll of employees
Deregulation of management decision making
The rhetoric of hrm fits poorly with themes of commitment and identification

Question 33

Links between hrm and business performance. Guest et al 2003

Answer 33

Busn and hr strategy results in hr pract and the effectivness of these pract results in hr outcomes leading to qualitu of his and services and prep productivity which leads to financial performance