Chapter 1 and 2

Question 1

Observation

Answer 1

The act of viewing the world around us, and allows us to draw tentative explanations called hypotheses

Question 2

Experimentation

Answer 2

A disciplined and controlled way of asking and answering questions about the world in an unbiased manner

Question 3

Hypotheses

Answer 3

Propose tentative explanations of what we observe

Question 4

Variable

Answer 4

Any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types

Question 5

Test Group

Answer 5

The group that a scientist introduces the variable they are testing

Question 6

Control Group

Answer 6

The group that has no change to ensure the experiment works as it is supposed to and provides a baseline against which to compare which to compare the results of the test groups

Question 7

Scientific Inquiry

Answer 7

Asking and Answering Questions in Biology

Question 8

Theory

Answer 8

A general explanation of the natural phenomena supported by many experiments and observations

Question 9

Cell

Answer 9

The basic building blocks of all living things

Question 10

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

Answer 10

The molecule that carries genetic information for the development and functioning of an organism

Question 11

Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)

Answer 11

A nuclei acid present in all living cells that has structural similarities to DNA

Question 12

Transcription

Answer 12

The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template

Question 13

Translation

Answer 13

Synthesis of a polypeptide chain corresponding to the coding sequence present in a molecule of messenger RNA

Question 14

Central Dogma

Answer 14

The idea that information flows from nucleic acids to proteins, but not in the opposite direction

Question 15

Prokaryotes

Answer 15

An organism whose cell or cells do not have a membrane-bound nucleus; sometimes used to refer collectively to archaeons and bacteria

Question 16

Eukaryotes

Answer 16

An organism whose cells have a true nucleus

Question 17

Bacteria

Answer 17

One of the three domains of life, consisting of single-called organisms with a single circular chromosome but no nucleus that divide by binary fission and differ from archaeons in many aspects of their cell and molecular biology

Question 18

Archaea

Answer 18

One of the three domains of life, consisting of single-celled organisms with a single circular chromosomes and no nucleus that divide by binary fission and differ from bacteria in many aspects of their cell and molecular biology

Question 19

Eukarya

Answer 19

The eukaryotes; one of the three domains of life, in which cells have a true nucleus and divide by mitosis

Question 20

Metabolism

Answer 20

The chemical reactions occurring within cells that convert molecules into other molecules and transfer energy in living organisms

Question 21

Adenosine Triphosphate

Answer 21

The molecule that provides energy in a form that all cells can readily use to perform the work of the cell