Chapter 1 Flashcards
Binary
base two number system based on the values
0 and 1 only.
Bit
abbreviation for binary digit.
One’s complement
each binary digit in a number is
reversed to allow both negative and positive numbers to
be represented.
Two’s complement
each binary digit is reversed and
1 is added in right-most position to produce another
method of representing positive and negative numbers.
Hexadecimal
a number system based on the value 16
uses the denary digits 0 to 9 and the letters A to F
Sign and magnitude
binary number system where
left-most bit is used to represent the sign (0 = + and
1 = –); the remaining bits represent the binary value.
Binary-coded decimal (BCD)
number system that
uses 4bits to represent each denary digit.
ASCII code
coding system for all the characters on a
keyboard and control codes.
Unicode
coding system which represents all the
languages of the world (first 128 characters are the
same as ASCII code).
Bit-map image
system that uses pixels to make up an
image.
Vector graphics
images that use 2D points to describe
lines and curves and their properties that are grouped to
form geometric shapes.
Sampling rate
number of sound samples taken per
second.
Frame rate
number of video frames that make up a
video per second.
Lossless file compression
file compression method
where the original file can be restored following
decompression.
Lossy file compression
file compression method
where parts of the original file cannot be recovered
during decompression, so some of the original detail
is lost.
