Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is a segment?

A

a part of a line with two endpoints.

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2
Q

what is a ray?

A

one endpoint that extends in one direction.

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3
Q

what are opposite rays?

A

two rays that go in opposite directions and have the same endpoint.

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4
Q

what does collinear mean?

A

points are on the same line

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5
Q

what does coplanar mean?

A

points are on the same plane.

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6
Q

what is an intersection?

A

two or more geometric figures have on or more points in common.

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7
Q

what is a postulate?

A

a rule that is accepted w/o proof

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8
Q

what is a theorem?

A

a rule that can be proven true

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9
Q

what is postulate 1.1?

A

ruler postulate

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10
Q

what does the ruler postulate say?

A

we can measure segments.

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11
Q

what does congruent mean?

A

same measurements.

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12
Q

what can you say when three points are collinear?

A

one point is between the other two.

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13
Q

what is postulate 1.2?

A

segment addition postulate

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14
Q

what does the segment addition postulate say?

A

if B is between A and C, then AB + BC = AC

if AB + BC = AC, then B is between A and C.

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15
Q

What is the distance formula?

A

d = \sqrt{(x2 - x1)2 + (y2-y1)2}

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16
Q

what is a midpoint?

A

the point that divides a segment into congruent segments.

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17
Q

what is a segment bisector?

A

a point, line, line segment, or plane that intersects the segment of its midpoint.

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18
Q

what does identifying something means?

A

to label it

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19
Q

what is the midpoint formula?

A

(x1+x2/2, y1+y2/2)

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20
Q

what is an angle?

A

two different rays w/ the same endpoint

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21
Q

what is the vertex of the angle?

A

the endpoint of the angle

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22
Q

where must the vertex be when labeling an angle?

A

the middle

23
Q

what is postulate 1.3

A

protractor postulate

24
Q

what does the protractor postulate say?

A

you can measure angles in degrees.

25
Q

what are acute angles?

A

angles between 0 to 90

26
Q

what are obtuse angles?

A

angles between 90 and 180

27
Q

what are right angles?

A

any angle exactly 90

28
Q

what are straight angles?

A

any angle exactly 180

29
Q

what is postulate 1.4?

A

angle addition postulate

30
Q

what does the angle addition postulate say?

A

if P is in the interior of angle

31
Q

what is an angle bisector?

A

a ray that divides an angle into two congruent parts.

32
Q

what are adjacent angles?

A

two angles that share a vertex and a common side.

33
Q

what are complementary angles?

A

two angles that add up to 90

34
Q

what are supplementary angles?

A

two angles that add up to 180

35
Q

what is a linear pair?

A

two adjacent angles that are on the same line

36
Q

what is always true about linear pair angles?

A

they are always supplementary.

37
Q

what are vertical angles?

A

when two sides of two angles form two pairs of opposite rays.

38
Q

two things to remember about vertical angles?

A
  1. they are always congruent.

2. they must be formed by two lines

39
Q

what is a polygon?

A

a 2D closed shape with three or more sides.

40
Q

what is a convex polygon?

A

the sides do not extend into the shape

41
Q

what is a concave polygon?

A

the sides extend into the shape

42
Q

how many sides are a triangle?

A

3 sides

43
Q

how many sides are a quadrilateral?

A

4 sides

44
Q

how many sides are a pentagon?

A

5 sides

45
Q

how many sides are a hexagon?

A

6 sides

46
Q

how many sides are a heptagon?

A

7 sides

47
Q

how many sides are an octagon?

A

8 sides

48
Q

how many sides are a nonagon?

A

9 sides

49
Q

how many sides are a decagon

A

10 sides

50
Q

how many sides are a dodecagon

A

12 sides

51
Q

area formula for triangles

A

a = 1/2bh

52
Q

area formula for rectangles

A

a = bh

53
Q

area formula for squares

A

a = s2