Chapter 1

Question 1

Hippocrates

Answer 1

• father of medicine

- established code of ethics

Question 2

Aristotle

Answer 2

• believed diseases had supernatural or physical causes
• therologi = supernatural
• physiologi = physical

Question 3

Claudius Galen

Answer 3

• did animal dissections instead of cadaver

- saw science as a method of discovery

Question 4

Robert Hooke

Answer 4

• improved compound microscope 30X mag

- first to see and name “cells”

Question 5

Antony van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 5

simple (single lens) microscope

Question 6

Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann

Answer 6

worked on cell theory together

Question 7

Charles Darwin

Answer 7

responsible for the theory of evolution

Question 8

Evolution

Answer 8

change in genetic composition of population of organisms

Question 9

Adaptations

Answer 9

adapting to environment

Question 10

Hierarchy of Complexity

Answer 10

organisms - organ systems
organ systems - organs
organs - tissues 
tissues - cells
cells - organelles 
organelles - molecules
molecules - atoms

Question 11

sinus inversus

Answer 11

left and right reversal of organ placement

Question 12

anatomical variation

Answer 12

body differs from normal body ex: extra vertebrae or more organs

Question 13

Metabolism

Answer 13

internal chemical change

Question 14

responsiveness

Answer 14

ability to react to stimuli

Question 15

physiological variation

Answer 15

how meds are given depending on sex age diet weight physical activity

Question 16

homeostasis

Answer 16

the ability to detect change, activate mechanisms that oppose it, and thereby maintain relatively stable internal conditions

Question 17

negative feedback

Answer 17

senses a change and “negates” or reverses it

Question 18

self amplifying cycle

Answer 18

greater in the same direction

Question 19

positive feed back and rapid change

Answer 19

increases for more contractions causing labor to be faster

Question 20

gradients and flow

Answer 20

heavily effected by osmosis and diffusion

Question 21

cell theory

Answer 21

all structure and function result from the activity of cells

Question 22

evolution

Answer 22

the human body is a product of evolution

Question 23

PET scan

Answer 23

glucose is injected

Question 24

MRI

Answer 24

alignment and realignment of hydrogen atoms

Question 25

Sonography

Answer 25

high frequency sound waves echo back from internal organs