Chapter 1 Flashcards

Dimensions of Human Behavior

1
Q

Age Norm

A

The behaviors expected of people of a specific age in a given society at a particular point in time.

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2
Q

Age Structuring

A

The standardizing of the ages at which social role transitions occur, by developing policies and laws the regulate the timing of these transitions.

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3
Q

Biological Age

A

A person’s level of biological development and physical health, as measured by the functioning of the various organ systems.

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4
Q

Cohort

A

Group of persons who are born in the same time period and who are of the same age group at the time of specific historical events and social changes.

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5
Q

Cohort Effects

A

The effects of social change on a specific cohort.

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6
Q

Cumulative Advantage

A

The acccumulation of increasing advantage as early advantage positions an individual for later advantage.

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7
Q

Cumulative Disadvantage

A

The accumulation of increasing disadvantage as early disadvantage poisitions an individual for later disadvantage.

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8
Q

Event History

A

The sequence of significant events, experiences, and transitions in a person’s life from birth to death.

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9
Q

Human Agency

A

The use of personal power to achieve one’s goals.

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10
Q

Intersectionality Theory

A

A pluralist theory of social identity that recognizes that all of us are simultaneously members of a number of socially constructed identity groups.

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11
Q

Life Course Perspective

A

An approach to human behavior that looks at how biological, psychological, and social factors act independently, cumulatively, and interactively to shape people’s lives from conception to death and across generations.

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12
Q

Life Event

A

Incident of event that is brief in scope but is influential on human behavior.

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13
Q

Oppression

A

The intentional or unintentional act or process of placing restrictions on an individual, group, or institution; may include observable actions but more typically refers to complex, covert, interconnected processes and pracrices (such as discriminating, devaluing, and exploiting a group of individuals) reflected in and perpetuating exclusion adn inequalities over time.

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14
Q

Population Pyramid

A

A chart thayt depicts the proportion of the population in each age group.

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15
Q

Privilege

A

Unearned advantage that comes form one’s poistion in the social structure.

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16
Q

Protective Factors

A

Personal and societal factors (resources) that decrease the probability of developing and maintaining problem conditions at later points in life.

17
Q

Psychological Age

A

The capacities that people have and the skills they use to adapt to changing biological and environmental demands, including skills in memory, learning, intelligence, motivation, and emotions; also the age people feel.

18
Q

Resilience

A

Healthy development in the face of risk factors. Thought to be the result of protective factors that shield the individual from the consequences of potential hazards.

19
Q

Risk Factors

A

Personal or social factros at one stage of development that increaset he probability of developing and maintaining problem conditions at later stages.

20
Q

Sex Ratio

A

The number of males per 100 females in a population.

21
Q

Social Age

A

Age measured in terms of age-graded roles and behaviors expected by society– the socially constructed meaning of various ages.

22
Q

Social Support

A

Help rendered by others that benefits an individual.

23
Q

Spiritual Age

A

THe position of a person in the ongoing search for meaning and fulfilling relationships.

24
Q

Trajectories

A

Long-term patterns of stability and change based on unique person-environment configurations over time.

25
Q

Transitions

A

Changes in roles and statuses that represent a distinct departure from prior roles and statuses.

26
Q

Turning Point

A

A special event that produces a lasting shift in the life course trajectory.

27
Q

Timing of Lives

A

hmm

28
Q

Interplay of Human Lives and Historical Time

A

hmm

29
Q

Linked or Interdependent Lives

A

hmm

30
Q

Human Agency in Making Choices

A

hmm

31
Q

Diversity in Life Course Trajectories

A

hmm

32
Q

Developmental Risk and Protection

A

hmm