Chapter 1

Question 1

Atoms

Answer 1

• All substances are made of atoms
• An element contains only one type of atom
• A compound contains more than one type of atom chemically bonded together
• Over 100 different elements in the Periodic Table

Question 2

Atom structure

Answer 2

Protons and neutrons exist in the centre of the atom (the nucleus).
Electrons are spread out around layers called shells and orbit the nucleus.

Question 3

Elements

Answer 3

Mass number is the number of protons and neutrons.

Atomic number is the number of protons

Question 4

Find the number of neutrons in a element

Answer 4

Atomic number - mass number = Neutron

Question 5

Electron arrangement

Answer 5

Number of electrons a shell holds

Question 6

Periodic Table

Answer 6

• COLUMNS are called GROUPS
• Elements in the same group have the same number of electrons in their outer shell
• Gives them similar chemical properties
• Group 0 – The Noble Gases – full outer shells so are nonreactive and do not form bonds.

Question 7

Group number

Answer 7

NUMBER OF ELECTRONS IN OUTER SHELL

Question 8

Period number

Answer 8

NUMBER OF SHELLS OF ELECTRONS

Question 9

Ions - Transferring Electrons.

Answer 9

GAIN ELECTRONS = NEGATIVE

LOSE ELECTRONS = POSITIVE

Question 10

Isotopes

Answer 10

Different atomic forms of the same element, which have the SAME number of PROTONS
but a DIFFERENT number of NEUTRONS.

Question 11

If you change the number of protons, neutrons and electrons

Answer 11

-PROTONS - 
A different element 
-NEUTRONS -
Same element 
Different isotope
-ELECTRONS -
Same element
Different isotope

Question 12

Pure…

Answer 12

Only one type of substance

Question 13

Mixture…

Answer 13

Two or more substances not bonded together

Question 14

Compound…

Answer 14

Two or more elements chemically combined

Question 15

Element…

Answer 15

Only one type of atom

Question 16

Reactions

Answer 16

Reactant → Products
MASS IS CONSERVED
(mass of reactants = mass of products)