Chapter 1 Flashcards
Differentiated instruction
Teaching that takes into account students abilities, prior knowledge, and challenges so that instruction matches not only the subject being taught but also students’ needs
Educational psychology
the discipline concerned with teaching and learning processes; it applies the methods and theories of psychology and has its own as well
Descriptive studies
Studies that collect detailed information about specific situations, often using observation, surveys, interviews, recordings, or a combination of these methods
Ethnography
A descriptive approach to research that focuses on life within a group and tries to understand the meaning of events to the people involved
Participant observation
A method for conducting descriptive research in which the researcher becomes a participant in the situation in order to better understand life in the group
Case study
Intensive study of one person or one situation
Correlation
Statistical description of how closely two variables are related
Experimentation
Research method in which variables are manipulated and the effects recorded
Quasi-experimental studies
Studies that fit most of the criteria for true experiments, with the important exception that the participants are not assigned to groups at random. Instead, existing groups such as classes or schools participate in the experiments
Statistically significant
Not likely to be a chance occurrence
Single-subject experimental studies
Systematic interventions to study effects with one person, often by applying and then withdrawing a treatment
Microgenetic studies
Detailed observation and analysis of changes in a cognitive process as the process unfolds over several days of weeks
Longitudinal studies
studies that document changes that occur in subjects over time, often many years
cross-sectional studies
studies that focus on groups of subjects at different ages rather than following the same group for many years
action research
systematic observations or tests of methods that teachers or schools conduct to improve teaching and learning for their students
