Chapter 1

Question 1

Health

Answer 1

the condition of being sound in mind, body and spirit

Question 2

WHO definition of health:

Answer 2

a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Question 3

Lifestyle changes promoting optimal health can be facilitated through

Answer 3

1. Enhance self-awareness and knowledge of healthy habits
2. Change behaviors that interfere with good health
3. Create environments that support good health practices

Question 4

Behaviors that put people at risk:

Answer 4

1. Smoking and other forms of tobacco use
2. Eating high fat and low fiber foods
3. Not engaging in enough physical activity
4. Abusing alcohol or other drugs
5. Not availing oneself of proven medical methods for preventing disease or diagnosing disease (flu shots & evidence based screening)
6. Engaging in violent behavior or behavior that may cause unintentional injuries

Question 5

NIH wellness definition:

Answer 5

an active process of becoming aware of and making choices toward a more successful existence

Question 6

Corbin dimension of wellness:

Answer 6

physical wellness
spiritual wellness
social wellness
psychological wellness
emotional wellness
intellectual wellness

Question 7

Physical wellness:

Answer 7

positive perception and expectation of health; ability to meet demand of work and use free time

Question 8

Spiritual wellness:

Answer 8

belief in unifying force between the mind and body; included a person’s ability to establish values and act on a system of beliefs as well as to establish and carry out meaningful life goals.

Question 9

Social wellness

Answer 9

perception of having support available from family and friends in times of need and the perception of being valued support provider; ability to interact with others and establish relationships the enhance quality of life

Question 10

Psychological wellness

Answer 10

general perception that one will experience positive outcomes to the events and circumstances in life

Question 11

Emotional wellness

Answer 11

progression of a secure self-identity and a positive sense of self-regard, both of which are facets of self-esteem; includes the ability to cope with daily circumstances and to deal with personal feeling in a positive, optimistic and constructive manner

Question 12

Intellectual wellness

Answer 12

perception of being internally energized by an optimal amount of intellectually stimulating activity.

Question 13

Clinebell dimensions

Answer 13

spiritual
mental
physical
relationship
work 
play 
wellbeing of our world

Question 14

Spiritual Well-Being Dimension

Answer 14

incorporates healthy religious beliefs, practices, values and institutions that energize and enrich all aspects of our lives; addresses an individual’s need for purpose, guidance, meaning and values

Question 15

Mental Well-being Dimension

Answer 15

represents interdependence of mind and body that manifests itself in our mental and physical health

Question 16

Physical Well-being Dimension:

Answer 16

reflects the body’s health; ability to experience sensations without pain

Question 17

Relationship Well-being Dimension

Answer 17

incorporates the need for nurturing and love

Question 18

Work Well-Being Dimension:

Answer 18

satisfies the thirst for purpose; purpose in one’s vocation

Question 19

Play Well-Being Dimension:

Answer 19

acknowledges that play provides the individual with laughter, cheer, energy and balance

Question 20

Well-being of Our World Dimension

Answer 20

reflects an individual’s perspective on living in a healthy environment and protecting natural resources

Question 21

What does Clinebell say the most important dimension is?

Answer 21

relationship well-being dimension

Question 22

Travis and Ryan continuum of wellness:

Answer 22

illustrates the effect of wellness on health and premature death

Question 23

Signs of pathology:

Answer 23

abnormal blood tests, hypertension, etc: cannot be detected by individual, but can be detected by medical tests

Question 24

Symptoms of pathology

Answer 24

generally, more subjective, include reports of pain, fatigue, etc

Question 25

Disability:

Answer 25

the inability to engage in gainful activity or work and commonly ensues when the individual feels very ill.

Question 26

Social Security Administration definition of disability

Answer 26

an inability to engage in any substantial gainful work activity because of a medically determinable physical or mental impairment that is expected to last for 12 continuous months or results in death

Question 27

What is at the center of Ardell’s model of wellness?

Answer 27

self responsibility

Question 28

WHO definition of quality of life:

Answer 28

the individual’s perception of their positions in life, in the context of the cultural and value systems in which they live, and in the relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns

Question 29

WHO quality of life measure domains:

Answer 29

i. Physical health
ii. Psychological health
iii. Level of independence
iv. Social relationships
v. Environment
vi. Spiritual

Question 30

Holistic perspective

Answer 30

looks beyond physical functioning of the individual and recognizes the importance of multiple factors contributing to good health and optimal wellness, emphasizing the unity of mind, spirit and body

Question 31

Holistic medical practice involves the following principles of care:

Answer 31

i. Optimal health is the primary goal of holistic medical practice
ii. Love has healing power
iii. Holistic medicine addresses the whole person
iv. Treatment emphasizes prevention
v. Holistic care relies on innate healing power
vi. Holistic medicine integrates healing systems
vii. Holistic medicines offer relationship-centered care
viii. Individuality is emphasized
ix. Holistic practitioners teach by example
x. Holistic care incorporates a lifetime of learning opportunities

Question 32

Primary prevention:

Answer 32

preventing a target condition in a susceptible or potentially susceptible population through specific measures, such as general health promotion efforts

Question 33

Secondary prevention:

Answer 33

decreasing the duration of illness, severity of disease, and number or sequelae through early diagnosis and prompt intervention

Question 34

Tertiary prevention

Answer 34

limiting the degree of disability and promoting rehabilitation and restoration of function in patients with chronic or reversible disease

Question 35

Difference between dietician and nutritionist:

Answer 35

i. Nutritionists are not considered legal experts because training varies between individuals
ii. Registered dietician (RDs) or registered dietician nutritionist (RDNs) are legally considers experts because they have specialized professional training that expands their knowledge for practicing in a broad array of setting