Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is the modern day equivalent of upper Canada
Southern and Eastern Ontario
What is the modern day equivalent of lower Canada
Quebec
When did Europeans and USA people come to Canada and why
After the war of 1812 because of cheap land
From which country did entrepreneurs go to Montreal
America
Scotland
Who is a metis
Someone from french and native ancestry
Did HBC have a government monopoly
Yes
Which ethnicity made up the majority of upper Canada
Americans
How much hectares of land could be cleared in a year at most
One
What is a money economy
An economy that uses cash
What is a barter economy
An economy that trades products in exchange of other products
What was the family compact
A group of officials who helped run upper Canada
They were descendants of loyalists and believed in aristocracy
What is lye
Liquid from wood ashes that is used to make soap
Who are land speculators
People who buy land and then sell it at a much higher price
What are clergy and crown reserves
Land set aside for church and the government to provide them income
What is a negative affect of the reserves
Since the reserves were scattered around the town , they blocked road development thus caused farmers irritation
Who was Canada’s first governor
John grave Simcoe
What was the main reason for upper Canada’s land problem
British government was to duplicate the English model of landowning
What were some of the problems the immigrants faced
The journey across the atlantic was costly and emotional
Many did not survive the trip as the ship conditions were poor
What are coffin ships
Many people died on it and then their bodies were thrown overboard
What are tenant farmers
Farmer who works land owned by others
Who is a member of the black militia that became an educator and church minister
Josiah Henson
What was the underground railway
A network of secret trails and pathways
Who was Harriet Tubman
A black activist who helped thousands escape
What did Quakers and Methodists believe
Slavery was a sin against God and humanity
Who was the first woman editor of a Canadian newspaper
Marie Ann Shadd
What is a spinster
Out of date language for an unmarried woman
What were some hardships faced by women
hard work and long hours
Large families but childbirth was dangerous
What is a representative government
Representatives are elected by people to make laws on their behalf
What is a responsible government
Representatives can be voted out if fail to please the people
Is a democratic government made of responsible and representative government
Yes
What is a oligarchy
All power is with a small group of rich and powerful men
What was Canada’s government
Legislative assembly
Who was Robert Gourlay and what did he do
He was a Scottish land agent who surveyed farmers about life in Upper Canada. He drew up a list of grievances and a petition
Which newspaper did Mackenzie buy
The Colonial Advocate that criticized the family compact and the government
What was the problem in lower Canada
Discrimination against the French by taking over their culture and trying to turn them English
Economic problems such as tax on farmers
Lack of power within the government
Which group had power Lower Canada
Chateau Clique
Who was the reform leader in Lower Canada
Louis Joseph Papineau
What was the Canadien
A reformist newspaper
Who led the reform movement in the Maritimes
Joseph Howe
How were the rebels punished
Flogging
Transported in terrible conditions
What did Durham’s report state
Upper and Lower Canada should unite and given a responsible government
When was Canada united
in 1840 with the Act of Union
