Chapter 1

Question 1

Psychology is defined as:

Answer 1

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Question 2

Behavioral Neuroscience/Biopsychology

Answer 2

• The study of the relationship between biology and behavior

- both humans and animals as subjects

Question 3

Cognitive Psychology

Answer 3

• study of thinking

- often views human brain as a computer\

Question 4

Developmental Psychology

Answer 4

• The study of human growth overtime as we age

- Focuses on all aspects of development from womb to tomb

Question 5

Clinical Psychology

Answer 5

The study of, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders
Emphasis on abnormal behvior

Question 6

Social Psychology

Answer 6

The study of how people interact with and influence eachother
“The power of the situation”

Question 7

Personality Psychology

Answer 7

The study of the enduring characteristics that differentiate us
“How are we different”

Question 8

Industrial/Organization Psychology

Answer 8

The study of people in the workplace

Question 9

Health Psychology

Answer 9

The study of the psychological factors related to health and illness

Question 10

Experimental Psychology

Answer 10

The study of the most primary processes in psychology ex: sensation, perception, learning, emotion
-both humans and animals as subjects

Question 11

How long ago is the origin of psychology traced back to?

Answer 11

a half a million years ago

Question 12

Trephining is …

Answer 12

the removal of evil spirits from the head by often chipping a hole in the skull

Question 13

Ancient Egyptians conducted the first psychological ________

Answer 13

experiment

Question 14

Phrenology created by _____ _______ ______ said that bumps on the head indicate _________

Answer 14

Frans Joseph Gall

personality

Question 15

In ________ ________ _________ established the first psychology lab in Germany and preformed the first _________

Answer 15

1879
William Wundt
experiment

Question 16

Struturalism*

Answer 16

Late 1800’s had people introspect about perceptions and sensations

Question 17

Functionalism*

Answer 17

Early 1900’s
William James
How and why does the mind function

Question 18

Mary Calkins*

Answer 18

First Female President of the APA

Question 19

Gestalt Psychology *

Answer 19

The whole is different than the sum of its parts

Question 20

Biological/ Neuroscience

Answer 20

Biological Basis of Behavior

Question 21

Psychodynamic

Answer 21

unconscious influences on behavior

Question 22

Behavioral

Answer 22

Focuses on observable behavior only

Developed by John Watson

Question 23

Humanistic

Answer 23

Free Will and Natural tendency to be in control of our own lives

Question 24

Cognitive

Answer 24

How people think, understand and know about the world

Question 25

Evolutionary

Answer 25

Effects of natural selection on our traits and behaviors

Question 26

Hindsight bias

Answer 26

the tendency to assume after we learn something that we would have predicted it all along

Question 27

Theory

Answer 27

a broad idea that summarizes, explains and predicts a wide range of observations

Question 28

Hypotheses

Answer 28

A specific observable preiction stemming from some theory

Question 29

Operationalization

Answer 29

defining variables in concrete observable ways

Question 30

Corelational Research

Answer 30

observing and measuring 2 or more variables to see if they are related

Question 31

Experimental Research

Answer 31

manipulating a variable in a situation and observing its consequences