Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychology is defined as:

A

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes

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2
Q

Behavioral Neuroscience/Biopsychology

A
  • The study of the relationship between biology and behavior

- both humans and animals as subjects

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3
Q

Cognitive Psychology

A
  • study of thinking

- often views human brain as a computer\

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4
Q

Developmental Psychology

A
  • The study of human growth overtime as we age

- Focuses on all aspects of development from womb to tomb

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5
Q

Clinical Psychology

A

The study of, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders
Emphasis on abnormal behvior

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6
Q

Social Psychology

A

The study of how people interact with and influence eachother
“The power of the situation”

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7
Q

Personality Psychology

A

The study of the enduring characteristics that differentiate us
“How are we different”

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8
Q

Industrial/Organization Psychology

A

The study of people in the workplace

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9
Q

Health Psychology

A

The study of the psychological factors related to health and illness

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10
Q

Experimental Psychology

A

The study of the most primary processes in psychology ex: sensation, perception, learning, emotion
-both humans and animals as subjects

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11
Q

How long ago is the origin of psychology traced back to?

A

a half a million years ago

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12
Q

Trephining is …

A

the removal of evil spirits from the head by often chipping a hole in the skull

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13
Q

Ancient Egyptians conducted the first psychological ________

A

experiment

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14
Q

Phrenology created by _____ _______ ______ said that bumps on the head indicate _________

A

Frans Joseph Gall

personality

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15
Q

In ________ ________ _________ established the first psychology lab in Germany and preformed the first _________

A

1879
William Wundt
experiment

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16
Q

Struturalism*

A

Late 1800’s had people introspect about perceptions and sensations

17
Q

Functionalism*

A

Early 1900’s
William James
How and why does the mind function

18
Q

Mary Calkins*

A

First Female President of the APA

19
Q

Gestalt Psychology *

A

The whole is different than the sum of its parts

20
Q

Biological/ Neuroscience

A

Biological Basis of Behavior

21
Q

Psychodynamic

A

unconscious influences on behavior

22
Q

Behavioral

A

Focuses on observable behavior only

Developed by John Watson

23
Q

Humanistic

A

Free Will and Natural tendency to be in control of our own lives

24
Q

Cognitive

A

How people think, understand and know about the world

25
Q

Evolutionary

A

Effects of natural selection on our traits and behaviors

26
Q

Hindsight bias

A

the tendency to assume after we learn something that we would have predicted it all along

27
Q

Theory

A

a broad idea that summarizes, explains and predicts a wide range of observations

28
Q

Hypotheses

A

A specific observable preiction stemming from some theory

29
Q

Operationalization

A

defining variables in concrete observable ways

30
Q

Corelational Research

A

observing and measuring 2 or more variables to see if they are related

31
Q

Experimental Research

A

manipulating a variable in a situation and observing its consequences