Chapter 1

Question 1

Testing

Answer 1

A method to determine a student’s ability to complete certain tasks or demonstrate mastery of skill or knowledge of content.

Question 2

Assessment

Answer 2

The process of gathering information to monitor progress and make educational decisions if necessary.

Question 3

Response to Intervention (RTI)

Answer 3

The application of learning or behavioral interventions and measurement of students’ responses to such interventions.

Question 4

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act

Answer 4

Passed in 1990. Known as PL 94-142. Federal law mandating education of all students with disabilities.

Question 5

Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)

Answer 5

Law of 2001 that holds general education accountable for all students’ academic achievement.

Question 6

Disproportionality

Answer 6

Condition that exists when students of a specific ethnic group are at risk for overidentification or are risk for underrepresentation in special education.

Question 7

Overrepresntation

Answer 7

The percentage of students of a culturally different group is greater than the percentage of individuals of that group in the local education agency (LEA).

Question 8

Prerefferal Intervention Strategies

Answer 8

Methods used by teachers and other team members to observe and modify student behaviors, the learning environment, and/or teaching methods before making a formal referral.

Question 9

Early Intervening Strategies

Answer 9

Evidence based methods for addressing the needs of students at risk for learning or behavioral disabilities or students who have exited from such services.

Question 10

Teacher Assistance Team

Answer 10

A team of various professionals who assist the teacher in designing interventions for students who are not making academic progress.

Question 11

Overidentification

Answer 11

Identification of students who seem to be eligible for special education services but who actually are not disabled.

Question 12

Problem-Solving Model

Answer 12

Strategies for intervention that 1. Identify the problem, 2. propose a hypothesis for intervention, and 3. measure the effectiveness of interventions in meeting students’ needs.

Question 13

Ecological Assessment

Answer 13

Purpose: To determine classroom environmental influences or contributions to learning.
Who Administers: Teacher or intervention team member, such as special education teacher.
When: Anytime students appear to have learning or behavioral difficulties.

Question 14

Norm-Referenced Tests

Answer 14

Purpose: To compare a specific student’s ability with that of same-age students in national sample.
Who Administers: Teacher (group tests); teachers, school psychologists, educational diagnosticians, other members of IEP team (individual tests).
When: When achievement or ability needs to be assessed for annual, triennial, or initial evaluations.

Question 15

Standardized Tests

Answer 15

Purpose: Tests given with specific instructions and procedures- often are also norm referenced.
Who Administers: Teacher and/or members of intervention/IEP teams, such as school psychologists or educational diagnosticians.
When: When achievement or ability need to be assessed for annual, triennial, or initial evaluations.

Question 16

Error Analysis

Answer 16

Purpose: To determine a pattern of errors or specific type of errors.
Who Administers: Teacher and other personnel working with student.
When: Can be used daily or on any type of assessment at any time.

Question 17

Curriculum-Based Assessment

Answer 17

Purpose: To determine how student is performing using actual content of curriculum.
Who Administers: Teacher
When: To measure mastery of curriculum. EX: Chapter tests

Question 18

Curriculum-Based Measurements

Answer 18

Purpose: To ensure progress of a specific skill against an aim line.
Who Administers: Teacher
When: Daily or several times each week.

Question 19

Dynamic Assessment

Answer 19

Purpose: To determine if student has potential to learn a new skill.
Who Administers: Teacher and/or other members or intervention or IEP team.
When: Can be used daily, weekly, or as part of a formal evaluation.

Question 20

Portfolio Assessment

Answer 20

Purpose: To evaluate progress over time in a specific area.
Who Administers: Teacher and/or members of intervention or IEP team.
When: Over a specific period of time or specific academic unit or chapters.

Question 21

Criterion-Referenced Tests

Answer 21

Purpose: To assess a student’s progress in skill mastery against specific standards.
Who Administers: Teacher and/or members of intervention or IEP team.
When: To determine if student has mastered skill at end of unit or end of time period.

Question 22

Criterion-Related Tests

Answer 22

Purpose: To assess student’s progress on items that are similar to objectives or standards.
Who Administers: Teacher and/or members of intervention or IEP team.
When: Same as criterion-referenced tests. To determine is student has mastered skill at end of unit or end of time period.

Question 23

Checklists

Answer 23

Purpose: To determine student’s skill level or behavioral functioning.
Who Administers: Teacher and/or members of intervention or IEP team.
When: Curriculum placement determination or behavioral screening.

Question 24

Criterion-Related Assessment

Answer 24

Use of an assessment instrument in which items are related to meeting objectives or passing skill mastery objectives.

Question 25

Informal Assessments

Answer 25

Non-standardized methods of evaluating progress, such as interviews, observations, and teacher-made tests.

Question 26

Alternative Assessments

Answer 26

Assessments that are appropriate for students with disabilities and that are designed to measure their progress in the general curriculum.

Question 27

Performance Assessment

Answer 27

Assessment that utilizes a student-created product as a demonstration of knowledge.

Question 28

High-Stakes Testing

Answer 28

Accountability assessment of state or district standards, which may be used or funding or accreditation decisions.

Question 29

Adequate Yearly Progress

Answer 29

The criterion set for schools based on high stakes testing results.

Question 30

Individualized Education Program (IEP)

Answer 30

A written plan of educational interventions designed for each student who receives special education.

Question 31

Individual Assessment Plan

Answer 31

A plan that lists the specific tests and procedures to be used for a student who has been screened and needs further assessment.

Question 32

Screening

Answer 32

A review of records of a student’s school achievement to determine what interventions or additional assessments are needed.

Question 33

Individualized Education Program Team

Answer 33

The team specified in IDEA amendments that makes decisions about special education eligibility and interventions.

Question 34

Eligibility Meeting

Answer 34

A conference help after a preplacement evaluation to determine if a student is eligible for services.

Question 35

Alternative Plan

Answer 35

A plan designed for educational intervention when a student has been found not eligible for special education services.

Question 36

Individual Family Service Plan (IFSP)

Answer 36

Plan required by PL 99-457 that includes the related needs of the family of the child with disabilities; plan designed for children ages 3 years and younger that addresses the child’s strengths and weaknesses as well as the family’s needs.