Chapter 1 Flashcards
In the Gallup poll, conducted in 2002, what percentage of Americans said corporate leaders could not be trusted.
90%
In the Gallup poll, conducted in 2002, what percentage of Americans said senior executives were in it only for themselves.
43%
Why is unethical behavior so widespread?
greed, competition, score-keeping, people are not perfect
What does social capital mean?
Community connectedness and the trust and sense of reciprocity that those connections foster.
Why has civic engagement declined?
Two-career families, sprawl (living further away), television, and generational change
What are the three general approaches to ethical decision making?
Economic analysis, legal analysis and philosophical analysis
What is economic analysis?
Bases ethical judgments on financial consideration.
What is legal analysis?
Reduces ethical judgement to a matter of law.
What are 7 philosophical analysis people use to make ethical choices?
Religious Perspective Utilitarian Perspective Universalist Perspective Humanist Perspective Political/Cultural Perspective Dialogic Perspective Situational Perspective
What is Utilitarian Perspective?
Usefulness and expediency are the criteria used to make ethical judgments. We would conclude that a behavior is ethical if it provides the greatest benefits to the greatest amount of people.
What is Universalist Perspective?
It holds that because outcomes are to difficult to predict or control, we should focus on intent. In effect, the morality of an action depends on the intentions of the person making the decision or performing the act.
What is Humanist Perspective?
Make ethical judgement philosophically by isolation certain unique characteristics of human nature that should be enhanced. They then look at a particular technique, rule, policy, strategy, or behavior and attempt to determine the extent to which it either furthers or hampers these uniquely human attributes.
What is Political/Cultural Perspective?
Within any given cultural or political context, there exist certain values or processes that seem basic to the well-being and growth of society.
What is Dialogic Perspective?
The attributes that individuals in any communication transaction have toward on another are an index of the ethical level of that communication. For the Dialogic critic, any communication act or attribute that promotes deception, exploitation, or domination is unethical, regardless of the situation. This would be classified as monologue communication.
As early as 1962, the American Association of Advertising Agencies prohibited its members from knowing producing advertising that contained:
False or misleading statements
Testimonials that do not reflect the real choice
Misleading Price claims
Comparison that unfairly disparage a competitive product
Claims insufficiently supported
Things offensive to public decency
