Chapter 1 Flashcards
Define Physiology
Physiology is the study of the function of body parts; how they work to carry out life sustaining activities
Define Homeostasis
The maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions despite continuous changes in the enviromment
What is the Structural heirarchy of Organization: smallest –> largest
Chemical Level Cellular Level Tissue Level Organ Level Organ System level Organismal Level
What are the 8 Characteristics of living things?
Maintaining boundaries Movement Responsiveness Digestion Metabolism Excretion Reproduction Growth
5 Factors necessary for survival?
Nutrients Oxygen Water Normal body Temp Appropriate atmospheric pressure
The 3 components of a control mechanism are?
Receptor
Control center
Effector
What does the receptor do?
Monitors environment
Responds to stimuli
What does the control center do?
Determines set point at which variable is maintained
Recieves input from receptor
Determines appropriate response
What does the effector do?
Recieves output from control center
Provides the means to respond!
Response is either negative(reduces stimulus) or positive(enhances stimulus) feedback.
Describe a Negative Feedback Loop?
Most used feedback mechanism in body
Response reduces or shuts off original stimulus
Examples of Negative Feedback loop
Thermostat?
Regulation of body temp
Regulation of blood glucose by insulin
Describe a Positive Feedback loop
Response enhances or exaggerates the original stimulus
May exhibit a cascade or amplifying effect as feedback causes variable to continue in same direction as initial change
Example of positive Feed back loop
Enhancement of labor contractions by oxytocin
Platelet plug formation and blood clotting
Anatomical Position
Body erect
Feet slightly apart
Palms facing forward
Thumbs pointing away from body
Define Anatomy
Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts and their relationship to one another
