Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy/Physiology of Speech/Hearing Mechanisms > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

The structure of an organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Physiology

A

The function of a living organism and its components

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The trunk or torso is

A

composed of the

thorax (chest) and the abdomen (belly)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

caput

A

head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Skull: Cranial portion

A

Contains the brain and its components

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Skull: Facial portion

A

Contains the mouth, pharynx, nasal cavity,

and teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Brain
Vertebral canal
Spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Thoracic cavity

A

Lungs and related structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pericardial cavity

A

Heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Abdominal cavity

A

Digestive organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Anatomical position

A

Body erect

Palms, arms, and hands face forward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Axis

A

The imaginary midline around which

the body pivots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The axial skeleton

A

Head and trunk

Spinal cord is axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The appendicular skeleton

A

Lower limbs
Upper limbs
Refer to Figure 1-1: Terms of Orientation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Frontal plane

A

Divides body into front and back halves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Divides body into right and left halves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides body into upper and lower halves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Anterior or ventral surface

A

Front of body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Posterior or dorsal surface

A

Back of body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Superficial surface

A

Surface of body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Deep

A

Direction away from the surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Deep Surface

A

Direction away from the surface

23
Q

Superior Body Position

A

Upper regions of body

24
Q

Inferior Body Position

A

Lower regions of body

25
Q

Prone Body Position

A

Body horizontal with face down

26
Q

Supine Body Position

A

Body horizontal with face up

27
Q

Lateral

A

The side

28
Q

Proximal

A

Point closest to the trunk

29
Q

Distal

A

Point farthest from the trunk

30
Q

Flexion

A

Bending at a joint

31
Q

Extension

A

Straightening out a joint

32
Q

Plantar

A

Sole of the foot

33
Q

Palmar

A

Palm of the hand

34
Q

Epithelial tissue

A

Covers surfaces of the body

Covers linings of cavities and
passageways

Acts as a barrier against hostile agents such as
infectious organisms

Prevents dehydration and fluid loss

35
Q

Connective tissue

A

Binds together and supports tissues
and organs
May be solid, liquid, or gel-like

Areolar tissue: adipose and lymphoid tissue

Fibrous tissue: binds structures together

Cartilage: hyaline, fibro-cartilage, yellow
(elastic) cartilage

Blood: plasma and blood cells

Bone: hardest form of connective tissue

36
Q

Muscular tissue

A

Muscular tissue is contractile

Classifications of muscular tissue
Voluntary striated muscle (skeletal muscle)
Involuntary smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle

Refer to Figure 1-2: Striated and smooth muscle and
Table 1-1: Tissue Types

37
Q

Nervous tissue

A 
Specialized for communication
Consists of neurons or nerve cells  
Functions to transfer information 
From one neuron to another
From neuron to muscle
From sensory receptors to other neural entities
38
Q

Nervous tissue

A

Specialized for communication

Consists of neurons or nerve cells

Functions to transfer information:
From one neuron to another
From neuron to muscle
From sensory receptors to other neural entities

39
Q

Organs

A

body tissues combined together to
perform a special function

Organ tissues all serve the same
general purpose

40
Q

Fascia

A

Membrane that surrounds organs

41
Q

Ligaments

A

Fibrous tissue that connects bones or cartilage

42
Q

Tendons

A

Connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

or cartilage

43
Q

Muscles

A

Aggregates of contractive muscle fibers
with a common function

Can shorten to about half their length

Origin is the point of attachment of the least
mobile element
Insertion is the point of attachment that
moves when a muscle contracts

Refer to Figure 1-7: Mechanical advantage
derived from point of insertion

44
Q

Agonists

A

Muscles that move structures

45
Q

Antagonists

A

Muscles that oppose contraction of agonists

46
Q

Synergists

A

Muscles that stabilize structures

47
Q

Muscle Innervation

A

Muscles are innervated by a single
nerve

Innervation can be sensory (afferent)
or excitory (efferent)

A motor unit consists of:
One efferent nerve fiber
Muscle fibers it innervates

48
Q

Body Systems

A

Systems are groups of organs that
perform a specific function

Failure or deficiency of an organ causes
functional disorders

Organs can be part of more than one
system

49
Q

Muscular system

A

Smooth, straight, and cardiac muscle

50
Q

Skeletal system

A

Bones and cartilages

51
Q

Respiratory system

A

Oral, nasal, and pharyngeal cavities, trachea

and bronchial passageway, and lungs

52
Q

Digestive system

A

Oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, liver,

intestines, and glands

53
Q

Systems of Speech

A

Respiratory system
Involves respiration

Phonatory system
Produces voiced sound

Articulatory/resonatory system
Shapes the oral cavity for production of sounds of
speech

Nervous system
Controls speech processes

Anatomy/Physiology of Speech/Hearing Mechanisms (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions