Chapter 1 Flashcards

Question

Prone Body Position

Answer 1

Body horizontal with face down

Answer 2

Body horizontal with face up

Answer 3

Point closest to the trunk

Answer 4

Point farthest from the trunk

Answer 5

Bending at a joint

Answer 6

Straightening out a joint

Answer 7

Sole of the foot

Answer 8

Palm of the hand

Answer 9

Covers surfaces of the body Covers linings of cavities and passageways Acts as a barrier against hostile agents such as infectious organisms Prevents dehydration and fluid loss

Answer 10

Binds together and supports tissues and organs May be solid, liquid, or gel-like Areolar tissue: adipose and lymphoid tissue Fibrous tissue: binds structures together Cartilage: hyaline, fibro-cartilage, yellow (elastic) cartilage Blood: plasma and blood cells Bone: hardest form of connective tissue

Answer 11

Muscular tissue is contractile Classifications of muscular tissue Voluntary striated muscle (skeletal muscle) Involuntary smooth muscle Cardiac muscle Refer to Figure 1-2: Striated and smooth muscle and Table 1-1: Tissue Types

Answer 12

``` Specialized for communication Consists of neurons or nerve cells Functions to transfer information From one neuron to another From neuron to muscle From sensory receptors to other neural entities ```

Answer 13

Specialized for communication Consists of neurons or nerve cells Functions to transfer information: From one neuron to another From neuron to muscle From sensory receptors to other neural entities

Answer 14

body tissues combined together to perform a special function Organ tissues all serve the same general purpose

Answer 15

Membrane that surrounds organs

Answer 16

Fibrous tissue that connects bones or cartilage

Answer 17

Connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone | or cartilage

Answer 18

Aggregates of contractive muscle fibers with a common function Can shorten to about half their length Origin is the point of attachment of the least mobile element Insertion is the point of attachment that moves when a muscle contracts Refer to Figure 1-7: Mechanical advantage derived from point of insertion

Answer 19

Muscles that move structures

Answer 20

Muscles that oppose contraction of agonists

Answer 21

Muscles that stabilize structures

Answer 22

Muscles are innervated by a single nerve ``` Innervation can be sensory (afferent) or excitory (efferent) ``` A motor unit consists of: One efferent nerve fiber Muscle fibers it innervates

Answer 23

Systems are groups of organs that perform a specific function Failure or deficiency of an organ causes functional disorders Organs can be part of more than one system

Answer 24

Smooth, straight, and cardiac muscle

Answer 25

Bones and cartilages

Answer 26

Oral, nasal, and pharyngeal cavities, trachea | and bronchial passageway, and lungs

Answer 27

Oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, liver, | intestines, and glands

Answer 28

Respiratory system Involves respiration Phonatory system Produces voiced sound Articulatory/resonatory system Shapes the oral cavity for production of sounds of speech Nervous system Controls speech processes