Chapter 1 & 4 Exam

Question 1

What system provides protection and support for the body, attachment sites for muscle and movement are functions of the _____________ system?

Answer 1

Skeletal

Question 2

What system regulates blood volume and pressure, and controls fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance?

Answer 2

Urinary system

Question 3

What organ system stores 99% of your calcium and is critical for blood cell formation?

Answer 3

Skeletal system

Question 4

What is the system that exchanges carbon dioxide and oxygen is the _____ system, whereas the system that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide is the ______ system?

Answer 4

Respiratory - Circulatory

Question 5

What two systems control and coordinate the trillions of body cells?

Answer 5

Endocrine - Nervous

Question 6

What system breaks down food and absorbs nutrients?

Answer 6

Digestive system

Question 7

The brain, spinal cord and nerves are organs of the _____________ system?

Answer 7

Nervous

Question 8

What subdivision of the cavity contains the spleen, pancreas, and kidneys?

Answer 8

Abdominal cavity

Question 9

What subdivision of the cavity contains the urinary bladder and part of large intestine?

Answer 9

Pelvic cavity

Question 10

What is the directional term of depicted of a person standing and lines go down the middle of body? |

Answer 10

Medial (left)

Question 11

What is the directional term of depicted of a person standing and lines go down the middle of body? > |

Answer 11

Lateral (right)

Question 12

The anatomical term “digital” refers to which part(s) of the body?

Answer 12

Toe - Finger

Question 13

A person lying facedown is in the ________ position?

Answer 13

Prone

Question 14

What are the locations of serous membranes?

Answer 14

Covering organs within body cavities

Question 15

The anterior region of the chest is the ____________ region.

Answer 15

Pectoral

Question 16

A cut through the body parallel to the floor that divides the body into superior and inferior parts is called a ____________ plane?

Answer 16

Transverse

Question 17

The cycle in which a physiological change leads to an even greater change in the same direction is known as ________ feedback.

Answer 17

Positive feedback

Question 18

The serous membrane associated with the internal organs of the abdominalpelvic cavity is called what?

Answer 18

Peritoneum

Question 19

The anatomical term that is usually synonymous with “superior” in humans and means towards the head are called?

Answer 19

Cranial - Cephalic

Question 20

A structure located toward the back or behind another is _______ to it?

Answer 20

Posterior

Question 21

What system provides protection, thermoregulation, and vitamin D production?

Answer 21

Integumentary system

Question 22

What are the correct terms for each body part or region?

1. Ear
2. Wrist
3. Cheek
4. Forehead
5. Chin
6. Armpit

Answer 22

1. Otic
2. Carpal
3. Buccal
4. Frontal
5. Mental
6. Axillary

Question 23

What is the serous membranes associated with the heart?

Answer 23

Pericardial membranes

Question 24

A structure described as _______ is closer to the surface?

Answer 24

Superficial

Question 25

What serous membrane lines the cavity holding the heart?

Answer 25

Parietal pericardium

Question 26

In terms of position or direction in the body, the knuckles of the digits are ______ to the nails.

Answer 26

Proximal

Question 27

The pleural cavity is the space between the two serous membranes surrounding what?

Answer 27

Lungs

Question 28

The groin is specifically referred to as the _______ region?

Answer 28

Inguinal

Question 29

A structure described as _________ is furthest from the surface?

Answer 29

Deep

Question 30

Proximal and distal are used with what body parts?

Answer 30

Legs - Arms

Question 31

Positive feedback mechanisms are less common in healthy individuals than negative feedback mechanisms. TRUE or FALSE

Answer 31

True

Question 32

What are the functions of the control center within a feedback mechanism?

Answer 32

- Receive and process info - Control effectors - Establish set point

Question 33

If you are lying on the ground in the supine position, your chest is ______ to your back?

Answer 33

Anterior

Question 34

What type of study is performed when you identify the heart wall consists of three layers?

Answer 34

Anatomy

Question 35

The serous membrane marked in the image by the blue arrow is called the ____ membrane?

Answer 35

Pleural

Question 36

On the head, the skin is _____________ to the skull.

Answer 36

Superficial

Question 37

A midsagittal plane divides the body into what equal portions?

Answer 37

Left and Right

Question 38

What organs make up the reproductive system?

Answer 38

- Uterus - Testes - Ovaries

Question 39

Name the organ system with the body part: 1. Spinal Cord 2. Kidney 3. Stomach 4. Skin 5. Adrenal Gland

Answer 39

1. Nervous 2. Urinary 3. Digestive 4. Integumentary 5. Endocrine

Question 40

What are the organs of the urinary system?

Answer 40

- Kidneys | - Ureters

Question 41

Bodily changes are detected and responses are activated that reverse the change and restore stability and preserve normal body function during what feedback?

Answer 41

Negative

Question 42

What body structures are lined with synovial membranes?

Answer 42

Knees - Elbows

Question 43

Which type of epithelium lines the stomach, intestines, uterus, and uterine tubes?

Answer 43

Simple columnar epithelium

Question 44

The number of cell layers and the shape of the superficial cells (top layer) are two criteria used to classify what tissue?

Answer 44

Epithelial

Question 45

Simple squamous epithelium is best suited for?

Answer 45

Areas that allow diffusion of substances across the epithelium.

Question 46

Name the cartilage to its location: 1. Hyaline 2. Elastic 3. Fibrocartilage

Answer 46

1. Tip of ear 2. Auricle of ear 3. Between vertebrae

Question 47

The sac-like gland type shown in the image below is a compound ___________ gland?

Answer 47

Acinar

Question 48

A tissue that consists of an open lacy network of relatively few protein fibers with widely scattered would be classified as a type of dense connective tissue? TRUE or FALSE

Answer 48

FALSE

Question 49

The secretion produced by goblet cells is called ?

Answer 49

Mucous

Question 50

What are the two criteria used to classify the different types of epithelial tissue?

Answer 50

- Shape of cells | - Number of cells

Question 51

What class of tissue is comprised of widely-spaced cells and abundant extracellular material?

Answer 51

Connective tissue

Question 52

Is stratified squamous epithelium keratinized or nonkeratinized?

Answer 52

Keratinized

Question 53

Which of the four tissue types is the most diverse?

Answer 53

Connective tissue

Question 54

What are the two types of muscle tissue?

Answer 54

- Smooth | - Cardiac

Question 55

Which type of epithelium makes up the air sacs of the lungs, inner lining of the heart and blood vessels and the serous membranes of the viscera?

Answer 55

Simple squamous

Question 56

The surface of an epithelial cell that faces the basement membrane is its ____________ surface.

Answer 56

Basal

Question 57

An exocrine gland that is classified as simple has what?

Answer 57

Unbranched duct

Question 58

What type of loose connective tissue is found around blood vessels and nerves and under epithelium, holding these structures in place?

Answer 58

Areolar

Question 59

The stretching of epithelium tissues to allow the filling of the urinary bladder is aided by ________ epithelium.

Answer 59

Transitional

Question 60

Where is adipose tissue found?

Answer 60

- deep in dermis of skin - surrounding kidneys - within breasts - within orbits

Question 61

Which muscle tissue is composed of cells which are tapered, nonstriated, have a single nucleus and are under involuntary control?

Answer 61

Smooth muscle

Question 62

An epithelium consisting of a single layer of cells that lie directly on the basement membrane is called what?

Answer 62

Simple

Question 63

In what type of gland is the top portion of the cell lost as the secretion is released?

Answer 63

Apocrine gland

Question 64

Considering only the number of cell layers, the type of epithelium with multiple flat cells is called?

Answer 64

Stratified

Question 65

What are the functions of connective tissue?

Answer 65

- Attachment of tissue - Support - Transports nutrients - Storage of energy

Question 66

Glands that release their secretion onto a body surface are called?

Answer 66

Exocrine glands

Question 67

glands while glands that release their secretions into the blood are called?

Answer 67

Endocrine glands

Question 68

What are the different types of supportive connective tissues?

Answer 68

- Cartilage

Question 69

Where is reticular connective tissue found?

Answer 69

- Lymph nodes - Spleen - Bone Marrow

Question 70

Areolar connective tissue is a a type of __________ connective tissue?

Answer 70

Loose connective tissue

Question 71

Tendons and ligaments are comprised of __________ connective tissue?

Answer 71

Dense connective tissue

Question 72

The noncellular substance around cells is called the extracellular ______________?

Answer 72

Matrix

Question 73

What is the function of the basement membrane?

Answer 73

Attach epithelial cells to underlying connective tissue.

Question 74

Dense regular connective tissue is found where?

Answer 74

Tendons - Ligaments

Question 75

Keratinized stratified squamous lines what part of the body?

Answer 75

Anus

Question 76

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous lines what part of the body?

Answer 76

Mouth

Question 77

What cell is a mucus secreting gland cell found in the epithelia of many mucous membranes?

Answer 77

Goblet cell

Question 78

Structures found on the free surface of some epithelium which are mobile and function to move materials across the free surface are called?

Answer 78

Cilia

Question 79

What are two types of supporting connective tissues?

Answer 79

- Bone | - Cartilage

Question 80

What two structures are part of intercalated discs?

Answer 80

- Gap junctions | - Desmosomes

Question 81

Areolar and adipose tissue are two examples of what?

Answer 81

Loose connective tissue

Question 82

The epithelial cell that has tall columnar cells where all cells have contact with the basal surface but do not reach the free surface is ____________ columnar epitheliump?

Answer 82

Pseudostratified columnar

Question 83

An exocrine gland with multiple secretory regions emptying into a single unbranched duct is called a (n) ________ gland.

Answer 83

Branched

Question 84

What are the components of extracellular matrix?

Answer 84

- Cells | - Ground substance

Question 85

Structures found on the free surface of some epithelium that increase the surface area for absorption are called what?

Answer 85

Microvilli

Question 86

Describe the lining of each: 1. Mucous membrane 2. Serous membrane 3. Synovial membrane

Answer 86

1. lines body cavities and tracts that open to outside of body 2. lines cavities that DO NOT open outside 3. lines freely moveable

Question 87

The stratified squamous epithelium of the skin is classified as what?

Answer 87

Keratinized

Question 88

The lining of the mouth is classified as what?

Answer 88

Nonkeratinized

Question 89

The primary tissue type that is composed of layers of closely packed cells that cover or line organ surfaces and forms glands is called what?

Answer 89

Epithelial

Question 90

A cartilage cell that secrets matrix is called?

Answer 90

Chondroblast

Question 91

``` The class of tissue that consists of cells separated from each other by large amounts of extracellular matrix is called ____________ tissue? ```

Answer 91

Connective

Question 92

The fiber types that are strong and flexible but resists stretching are _______ fibers?

Answer 92

Collagen

Question 93

List four primary types of tissues?

Answer 93

1. Muscular 2. Connective 3. Nervous 4. Epithelial

Question 94

What lines cavities that open to outside of the body?

Answer 94

Mucous membranes

Question 95

Embryonic connective tissue is called what?

Answer 95

Mesenchyme

Question 96

What is a single layer, cells extend from the basement membrane to the free surface called?

Answer 96

Simple epithelium

Question 97

What is more than one layer of cells with only the deepest layer attached to the basement membrane?

Answer 97

Stratified epithelium

Question 98

What is a single layer of cells that are attached to basement membrane but not all can reach the top of the free surface?

Answer 98

Pseudostratified epithelium

Question 99

The two types of connective tissue containing bundles of only collagen fibers that run in random directions are called?

Answer 99

Dense and irregular connective tissue

Question 100

Where is nonkeratinizied stratified squamous epithelium found in the body?

Answer 100

Mucosa of the oral cavity