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REVIEWER > Chapter 1 - 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - 4 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the fluorescent material that glowed during roentgen experiment?

A

Barium platinocyanide

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2
Q

Who and when the first fatality of X-ray

A

Clarence Dally and died in 1994

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3
Q

Newton law of motion when body remain at rest or continue to move with constant velocity in straight line unless it moved

A

First law: Inertia

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4
Q

Newton law of motion: for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

A

Third Law: Action and Reaction

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5
Q

Newton law of motion when a force that applied to move an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by the acceleration

A

Second Law: Force

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6
Q

transfer of heat through material or by touching

A

Conduction

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7
Q

mechanical transfer of hot molecules in a gas or liquid

A

Convection

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8
Q

is the transfer of heat by the emission of infrared radiation

A

Thermal Radiation

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9
Q

smallest particle that has all the properties of an element?

A

Atom

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10
Q

what are the three fundamental elements of atom

A

Electron, Proton, and Neutron

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11
Q

The electric charge of an atom when in their normal state is?

A

Zero

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12
Q

No outer shell can contain more than _______ Electron

A

Eight

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13
Q

force that keeps an electron in the orbit

A

Centripetal Force or Center seeking

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14
Q

maintain their distance from nucleus while traveling in a circular path

A

Centrifugal force or Flying out from the Center force

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15
Q

strength of attachment of an electron to the nucleus

A

Electron binding force

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16
Q

the closer the an electron to the nucleus the more _______ it becomes

A

tighter

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17
Q

elements that same atomic number / different atomic mass number

A

Isotopes

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18
Q

Elements that have different atomic number / same atomic mass Number

A

Isobar

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19
Q

Elements that have different elements, different atomic number & mass number but have same number of neutrons.

A

Isotone

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20
Q

same atomic number / same mass number

A

Isomer

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21
Q

Atoms of various elements may combine to form

A

Molecules

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22
Q

Oxygen and hydrogen combine into water through?

A

Covalent bonds (Characterise by sharing of electron to form a electron pairs between atom)

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23
Q

Sodium and chlorine combine into salt through?

A

Ionic bonds or electrovalent bonds (formed between two or more atoms by the transfer of one or more electrons between atoms)

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24
Q

The smallest particle of a compound is?

A

Molecules

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25
Q

Some atoms exist in an abnormally excited state characterized by an unstable nucleus. to reach it stability, the nucleus spontaneously emits particle and energy transforms itself into another atom

A

Radioactive disintegration or Radioactive decay

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26
Q

The small particle of an element?

A

Atom

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27
Q

Radioactivity is the spontaneous emission of particles and energy in order to become _______

A

Stable

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28
Q

An unstable form of a chemical element that releases radiation as it breaks down and becomes more stable

A

Radioisotopes

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29
Q

x-ray and gamma rays are often called _________ have no mass and no charge

A

Photon

30
Q

energy that comes from the electron cloud

A

X-ray

31
Q

Energy that comes from nucleus

A

Gamma ray

32
Q

Who is the first patient to experience the application of medical x-ray? What anatomical part did they examine? Why?

A
  • Eddie McCarthy of Hanover
  • broke his wrist while skating on the connecticut River
33
Q

uninterrupted ordered sequence

A

continuum

34
Q

who showed that that visible light has both electric and magnetic properties and when?

A

James Clark Maxwell in late 19th century

35
Q

one-half the range from crest(top waves) to valley(bottom waves) over which the sine wave varies.

A

Amplitude

36
Q
  • equal to the number of crest or number of valleys
  • number of wavelengths that pass a point of observation per seconds
A

Frequency

37
Q

distance of one crest to another, from one valley to another

A

Wavelength (lambda)

38
Q

the more frequency the ______ the wavelength

A

shorter

39
Q

what are the three wave parameters that needed to describe the EM energy

A

Velocity, Wavelength, and Frequency

40
Q

3 regions most important to radiologic science

A

visible light / x-ray / gamma radiation

41
Q

Diagnostic Ultrasound is not part of the electromagnetic spectrum.

True or false?

A

True

42
Q

Not a white light but color of the rainbow when the sunlight passes through prism

A

Visible light

43
Q

Travel at the straight line but can be deviated when they pass from one transparent medium to another

A

Refraction

44
Q

Reducing in intensity that results from scattering and absorption

A

Attenuation

45
Q

Passing through an object without changing of energy

A

Transparent

46
Q

Scattered or reduced intensity when passing through an object

A

Translucent

47
Q

No light can pass through
ex: Black glass

A

Opaque

48
Q

X-ray created at the speed of light or does not exist at all.

True or false

A

True

49
Q

The energy of photon is directly proportional to its frequency

True or False

A

True
- More energy = more frequency

50
Q

study of stationary electric charge

A

Electrostatic

51
Q

Electron and protons are the smallest unit of electric charge

True or False

A

True

52
Q

Unit of electric potential

A

Volt (V)

53
Q

study of electric charges in motion

A

Electrodynamics

54
Q
  • Any substance through which electrons flow easily
  • has a variable resistance
A

Conductor

55
Q
  • Any material that does not allow electron flow
  • Extreme high resistance
  • necessary for high voltages
A

Insulator

56
Q

is a material that some condition behaves as an insulator and in other behaves as a conductor

A

Semiconductor

57
Q
  • No resistance below a critical temperature
  • No electric potential
A

Superconductivity

58
Q

2 types of Electric circuits

A

Series circuit / parallel circuit

59
Q
  • all circuit elements are connected in a line along the same conductor
  • connected end to end to form a dingle path for current
A

Series Circuit

60
Q

Electron can be made to flow in one direction along the condctor

A

Direct Current

61
Q

Contains elements that are connected at their end rather than lying in a linr along conductor

A

Parallel circuit

62
Q
  • Current in which electrons oscillate back and forth
  • electron that flow alternately in opposite direction constitute
A

Alternating current

63
Q

small magnet created by the electron orbit

A

Magnetic pole

64
Q

ability of a material attract the lines of magnetic field intensity

A

Magnetic permeability

65
Q

3 principles of magnet

A
  • naturally occurring magnet
  • artificial magnet induced permanent magnet
  • Electromagnets
66
Q
  • Materials are weakly repelled by magnetic pole
  • Cannot be artificially magnetized, and they are not attracted to a magnet
A

Diamagnetic

67
Q

Materials are unaffected to magnet
ex: wood & glass

A

Nonmagnetic

68
Q
  • strongly attracted by a magnet and usually can be permanently magnetized by exposure to magnetic field
A

Ferromagnetic

69
Q
  • Slightly attracted yo a magnet and are loosely influenced by an external magnetic field
  • between ferromagnetic and nonmagnetic
A

Paramagnetic

70
Q

the degree to which material can be magnetized

A

magnetic susceptibility

71
Q

Si Unit of magnetic field strength

A

Tesla

REVIEWER (3 decks)

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