Chapter 1 Flashcards
Definition of genetics
Study of inherited traits and their variations.
Genes
Units of heredity.
Biochemical constructions that tell cells how to manufacture certain proteins.
What does a gene consist of?
A long molecule DNA. DNA transmits information in its sequence of four types of blocks.
What is a genome?
The complete set of genetic instructions characteristic of an organism, including protein-encoding genes and other DNA sequences.
The complete set of genetic instructions characteristic of an organism, including protein-encoding genes and other DNA sequences, constitutes a____.
Genome.
Identify genomics:
a) compares and analyzes genomes of organisms
b) study of hereditary traits that fail to encode proteins
c) determines only the possible diseases that can affect an organism
d) addresses moral issues that arise in applying medical tech
a)compares and analyzes genomes of organisms
The transmission of traits and biological info between generations is referred to as____.
heredity
Bioethics confronts concerns that arise from____, such as privacy, use of genetic information, and discrimination.
New genetic technology
The human genome has about 20,325 protein-encoding genes, and these DNA sequences compromise the ___.
exome
The twenty two pairs of chromosomes in human somatic cell that do not differ between the sexes are called____.
autosomes
The X and Y chromosomes of a human somatic cell are called____.
sex chromosomes
The smallest chromosome pair in a ____ can be from its karyotype.
somatic cell
All cells except ___contain the entire genome, but cells differ in appearance and activities because they use only some of their genes.
red blood cells
Rare and unspecialized cells in organs.
Stem cells
___ on gene action counter the idea of genetic determinism.
Environmental effects.
