Chapter 1+3 ~ Scientists Flashcards
First to observe and describe “animalcules” (bacteria and protozoa) using the aid of a simple, single-lens microscope that he made himself. (rainwater and his teeth plaque)
Van Leeuwenhoek
Fermintation,pasteurization (a process used to kill microorganismsthat cause spoilage), disproved spontaneous generation.
Pasteur
The first to demonstrate the connection between a single isolated microbe and a known human disease.
Koch
First to develop a way to categorize plants + animals
Linnaeus
Wrote “General Morphology of Organisms” proposing four kingdoms.
Haeckel
Proposed adding a fifth kingdom, the fungi.
Whittaker
Created the phylogenetic tree.
Woese + Fox
Mice from rags. Proposed that when rags and wheat kernels were left exposed that rats would spontaneously generate.
Van Helmont
Meat jars experiment. Demonstrated that maggots were the offspring of flies, and not products of spontaneous generation.
Francesco Redi
Boiled broth with plant or animal matter briefly. Observation showed that many microbes were still in the broth. Believed these microbes came from a “life force”.
Needham
Boiled broth with plant or animal matter for a long period of time. Observations show no cloudiness, meaning no microbes.
Spallanzani
Ultimately disproved spontaneous generation with the swan neck experiment. Stated that “life only comes from life”. Proposed that if microbes conferment and spoil foods, then they can cause infections.
Pasteur
Observed a corkscrew under a microscope and described the appearance as “cells”. He was the first to use this term.
Hooke
Botanist who observed plants were made of cells. Believed cells formed from crystallization, not cell division.
Schleiden
Physiologist that observed animals were made of cells.
Schwann
These two scientists came up with the concept that cells were the foundation of plants and animals.
Schleiden and Schwann
These two scientists discovered that “cells arise from cells”.
Virchow + Remak
Hungarian obstetrictionist who tried to implement hand washing regime in the maternity ward to decrease the number a of fetal/maternal illnesses.
Semmelweis
Father of epidemiology. British physician who tracked the course of a cholera outbreak. Demonstrated that the disease was spread through contaminated water.
Snow
Proposed postulates based on the idea that a particular microbe causes a particular disease.
Koch
English surgeon who first developed aseptic techniques in the medical field. Disinfected hands and air with carbolic acid before surgeries.
Lister
