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Geography 101 > Chapter 1-3 > Flashcards

Chapter 1-3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Geography is…

A

the study of spatial and temporal relationships

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2
Q

Scientific Method is…

A

A method of steps to conclude whether your hypothesis was right or not, and the experiment must be able to be repeated with the same result.

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3
Q

What is a hypothesis?

A

An educated guess

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4
Q

Why study physical geography?

A

To learn about the earth’s physical features and locations

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5
Q

An absolute location is

A

A specific location (usually give longitude and latitude)

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6
Q

A relative location is…

A

A location described by relation to something else

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7
Q

The science of map making is called…

A

Cartography

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8
Q

The Great circle is also known as…

A

The Equator

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9
Q

The Equator does…

A

Divide the Earth into two hemispheres and provides the shortest routes between two distant locations

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10
Q

The Equator lies…

A

Perpendicular at 0 degrees

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11
Q

Latitude is measured…

A

In degrees of North and South of the Equator

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12
Q

Latitude has the maximum of…

A

Of 90 degrees north and south

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13
Q

What is considered low latitudes

A

Areas between 23.5 North to 23.5 South

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14
Q

What are considered midlatitudes?

A

Areas between 23.5 to 66.5 degrees North and south

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15
Q

The Tropic of Cancer is..

A

23.5 North

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16
Q

The Tropic of Capricorn the is…

A

23.5 South

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17
Q

The Arctic circle is located….

A

66.5 degrees North

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18
Q

The Antarctic circle is located…

A

At 66.5 degrees South

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19
Q

Longitude lines are also known as…

A

Meridians

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20
Q

0 and 180 degrees of longitude is called….

A

The Prime/ Greenwich Meridian

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21
Q

How far in degrees are each line of longitude?

A

15 degrees East and West of the Prime meridian

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22
Q

The Prime Meridian divides the Earth into…

A

The East and West hemispheres

23
Q

What is the maximum degree of longitude?

A

180 degrees

24
Q

How many time zones are there?

A

24, one Meridian for each hour (360/24)=15

25
Q

What are the name of the time at the Prime Meridian called?

A

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), Universal Time, Zulu time

26
Q

What is the 180th Meridian also known to be considered?

A

The International Date Line

27
Q

If you cross the international dateline from West to East, what would happen?

A

You would go back one full day

28
Q

How would you describe a Verbal Scale?

A

It shows actual distance from a physical map to distance it represents. 1 inch= 1 mile

29
Q

What is a representative fraction?

A

A scale that uses ratio as a measurement

30
Q

What is a linear scale?

A

Lines marked off on a scale that proportion to actual distance on the map

31
Q

By areal extent, what does a small scale show?

A

It shows large geographic areas but does not show details, the features would have to be depicted in “small” sizes.

Ex: A map of North America, the World

32
Q

What does a medium scale show?

A

Small geographical areas, and shows more detail than a small scale

Ex:American North East

33
Q

What does a large scale show?

A

Small areas and with many details. Features are depicted with large features

34
Q

What do Thematic Maps focus on?

A

Features or themes, usually presented with colored regions and etc

Ex: maps of climate, vegetation,soils,volcanoes

35
Q

Isolines are…

A

Lines on map which join at all parts of equal value

36
Q

Contour lines represent…

A

The actual topography of the area on a Topographic Map

37
Q

What is an open system?

A

Energy or matter can flow into and out of the system

Most Earth systems

38
Q

What are closed systems?

A

Where matter nor energy are able to flow across the boundaries of systems

Ex: The solar system, the hydrologic cycle

39
Q

When doesDynamic Equilibrium occur?

A

When the INPUTS= OUTPUT+Storage

Input=Matter and Energy that flows into a system
Output=Energy and Matter that flow out
Storage=Energy and Matter retained in the system

40
Q

What does Negative Feedback mean?

A

That the system is COUNTERACTED the direction of the initial change which stabilizes the system

Starts off increasing then something decreases at the end (vise versa)

41
Q

What does Positive Feedback mean?

A

That there was no initial change from the first and last step, the system has reinforced the direction and is destructive

42
Q

What are the four Major “Spheres” of the Earth System?

A

Hydrosphere(Water), Lithosphere(Land), Biosphere (Biotic), and Atmosphere (Air)

43
Q

What percentage of the Earth is covered in water?

A

73%

44
Q

Which hemisphere is dominated with Land?

A

North

45
Q

Which hemisphere is dominated by water?

A

Southern Hemisphere

46
Q

Out of terrestrial water, which has the most most?

A

Oceans / Saline water with 97%

47
Q

What holds the most fresh water?

A

Glaciers (2.4%)

48
Q

What holds the least amount of fresh water?

A

Surface water

Ex: Lakes, river,etc

49
Q

What is the change of solid to gas called and what does it create?

A

Sublimation Nd dry ice, snow haze, and fog

50
Q

What are the phases that cause evaporation?

A

Liquid to Gas

51
Q

What does Gas go liquid create?

A

Condensation

Clouds, fog and dew

52
Q

What does Gas to Solid create?

A

Sublimation deposition

Which creates frost

53
Q

What does the change of liquid to solid create?

A

Melting

Geography 101 (5 decks)

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