Chapter 1 Flashcards
Population
The entire set if the individuals of interest for a particular research question
Statistic
Refers to a set of mathematical procedures for organizing,summarizing, and interpreting data.
Sample
Set of individuals selected from a population, usually intended to represent the population in the research study
Variable
A characteristic or condition that charges or has different values for different individuals
Data
Data of datum; measurements or observations.
Data set
Is a collection of measurement of observations
Datum or raw score
Singular for data; is a single measurement or observation
Parameter
Is a value, usually a numerical value to describe a population. A parameter usually derived from measurements of the individuals in a population.
Statistic
A value, usually a numerical value, that describes a sample. Usually derives from measurements of individuals in the sample.
Descriptive statistic
Statistical procedures used to summarize, organize, and simplify data.
Inferential statistical
Consist of techniques that allow us to study samples and then make generalizations about the populations from which they were selected.
Sampling error
Is the naturally occurring discrepancy, or error, that exists between a sample statistic and the corresponding population parameter.
Correlation method
Two different variables are observed to determine whether there is a relationship between them.
One group of individuals
Experimental method
One variable is manipulated while another variable is observed and measured. To established a cause and effect relationship between and two variables, an experiment attempts to control all other variables to prevent them from influencing the results
Independent variable
Variable that is manipulated by the researcher. In behavioral research, it usually consists of two or more treatment conditions to which subjects are exposed. Consists of antecedent conditions that are manipulated prior to observing the dependent variable