Chapter 1

Question 0

If a wave is compressed it is said to be shifted to what end of the spectrum

Answer 0

Blue

Question 1

many of the ancients built these structures in order to get closer to their gods

Answer 1

Pyramids

Question 2

If a wave is stretched it is said to be shifted to what end of the spectrum

Answer 2

Red

Question 3

The more mass involved in an interaction the more what is exerted on the bodies involved

Answer 3

Gravity

Question 4

The name of the Little Dipper is

Answer 4

Ursa Minor or Big Bear

Question 5

1 light year =

Answer 5

299,742.498 km/s
Or
186,000 mi/s

Question 6

An object is brightest when _______ and ______ when further away

Answer 6

Brightest when closest and dimmest when further away

Question 7

Perihelion

Answer 7

Focis are closest together

Question 8

Incas

Answer 8

South America (machu piccu)
Loved sliver (pizzaro)
Recognized constellations and used stone pillars
Captured Athalupa and had to fill a room with silver and gold. Then killed him

Question 9

Aztecs

Answer 9

Known for brutality
Lived in Mexico City
Cortez brought Aztecs down

Question 10

Mayans

Answer 10

Created Callander
Present day Belize and Honduras
Used the background of the sun (space)
Noticed that your soul disappeared 2 times a year at noon (shadow)

Question 11

Druids

Answer 11

Thought trees were possessed by spirits of the past

Replaced trees with stones (stone hedge)

Question 12

Kepler

Answer 12

Blind
Works with Tycho Brahe
Based ideas of of Copernicus
Based ideas off of Brahe’s observations

Question 13

Kepler’s 3 laws

Answer 13

1. Orbital paths of planets are elliptical not circular, with the sun at 1 focus
2. The speed of the planets must vary
3. Orbital period= time it takes to circut the sun. P2=A3

Question 14

Length of a light year

Answer 14

9.6-10 trillion miles

Question 15

Polaris

Answer 15

North Star
Only stationary star
Directly over N pole
“Southern cross” acts same way in the south

Question 16

Direct/Prograde

Answer 16

East to west

Question 17

Retrograde

Answer 17

West to east

Question 18

Sextant

Answer 18

Couples with the sun and a clock to work with the sun: must measure at the same time everyday

Question 19

Astrology

Answer 19

The study of the ancient interpretations which our forebears give to the stars (constellation)

Question 20

Galeileos theories

Answer 20

1. The moon has mountains, valleys and craters like the earth
2. The sun has imperfections, sunspots, and rotates 1x/month perpendicular to the epileptic plane
3. 4 small moons orbit Jupiter
4. Venus shows a complete cycle of phases like the moon

Question 21

Dark Ages

Answer 21

Bad time in Europe
Plague/Black Death spreads
People live in squalor (gross conditions)

Question 22

Spanish Inquisition

Answer 22

Turn to church to repent sins and to not catch the plague

Question 23

Kepler based his work off of

Answer 23

Brahe and Copernicus

Question 24

Eccentricity

Answer 24

Distance between the foci divided by the length of the major axis

Question 25

Aphelion

Answer 25

``` Focis furthest away from the sun. Aphelion Away (A) ```

Question 26

EM waves travel at the speed of

Answer 26

The speed of light Or 299,792.458 km/sec

Question 27

Doppler Effect/Shift

Answer 27

Determines which way things are moving. Apparent change in frequency and wavelength of a wave that is perceived by an observer moving relative sources of waves

Question 28

Everything in space

Answer 28

Moves

Question 29

Kepler's 2 unanswered questions

Answer 29

1. What prevents the planets from flying off into space or falling into the sun? 2. What causes the planets to move around the sun apparently endlessly?

Question 30

Newtons 3 laws

Answer 30

1. Inertia- objects at rest stay at rest, objects in motion stay in motion.. 2. F=MA. More force= more faster 3. For every action there is an equal but opposite reaction

Question 31

Acceleration

Answer 31

The rate of change of velocity.

Question 32

Force

Answer 32

Can act instantaneously or continuously. | Action on an object that causes its momentum to change

Question 33

Speed/constant of gravity

Answer 33

9.8 m/s2