Chapter 1 Flashcards
Study of the body’s function
Physiology
Study of the body’s structure
Anatomy
Anatomy of a body part intimately tied to it’s specific function, scientists call this the principle of
Complementary nature of structure and function
Logical organization atoms, ….., ……, ……..
Atoms, molecules, cells, tissues
_____ level of organization is the main theme presented in the book
Organ system
Of the eight necessary life functions, which is not required for an individual’s survival
Reproduction (organismal)
Negative feedback mechanism (example)
Thyroid gland releases thyroid hormone under the influence of the hormone TSH. TSH release decreases when thyroid hormone levels reach their set point
If someone has a broken leg he or she has damaged the ___ division of the body
Appendicular
The ___ division of the body is necessary for supporting life
Axial
Internal organs
Visceral
Body cavity walls
Parietal
Similar cells that have a common function
Tissue
Term that describes the heel region
Calcaneal
Elbow is _____ to the wrist
Proximal
Toes are ____ to the knee
Distal
Nose is ____ to the ears
Medial
Knees are ____ to the noes
Inferior
____ is explained by chemical and physical principles and is concerned with the function of specific organs or organic systems
Physiology
Dynamic equilibrium of your internal environment termed?
Homeostasis
Cavity that contains the bladder some reproductive organs and the rectum?
Pelvic
Covers all chemical reactions that occur within the body cells
Metabolism
Serous membranes function
Prevent friction (air in ballon)
Anatomical position
Erect feet apart and palms forward
Ability to sense changes in the environment and respond to them is ….
Responsiveness
Single most abundant chemical substance in the body
Water
What happens when the body can’t sustain a normal temperature
Hot… Proteins start to eat away
Cold… Everything in the body moves too slow
What major things happen when the usual negative feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed
Sickness
Disease
Death
Integumentary system
Skin hair nails
Skeletal system
Joint bones
Muscular system
Skeletal muscles
Nervous system
Spinal cord nerves brain
Endocrine system
Pineal gland Pituitary gland Thyroid gland Thymus Adrenal gland Pancreas Ovary/Testis
Cardiovascular system
Heart
Blood vessels
Lymphatic system/immunity
Red bone marrow Thymus Lymphatic vessels Thoracic duct Spleen Lymph nodes
Respiratory system
Nasal cavity Pharynx Larynx Trachea Lung Bronchus
Digestive system
Oral cavity Esophagus Liver Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Rectum Anus
Urinary system
Kidney
Ureter
Urinary bladder
Urethra
Male reproductive system
Penis Testis Scrotum Prostate gland Ductus deferens
Female reproductive system
Mammary glands (in breasts) Ovary Uterus Uterine tube Vagina
Frontal plane
Through torso sideways
Transverse plane
Through torso at hips
Median plane
Through cleavage to back
