Chapter 1 Flashcards
Functions or programming features in an operating system that programmers can use for network links, links to messaging services, or interfaces to other systems.
Application Programming Interface (API)
A word processor, spread sheet, database, computer game, or other type of application that a user runs on a computer. It consist of computer code that is formatted sot that the computer or its operating system can translate that code into a specific task, such as writing a document.
Application Software
Low- Level program code that conducts basic hardware and software communications inside the computer. This basically resides between computer hardware and the higher level operating system, such as UNIX or Windows
Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)
A computing style frequently employed by large systems. A request foe a series of process is submitted to the computer; information is displayed or printed when this complete.
Batch Processing
An English-like computer programming language originally designed as a teaching tool, but which evolved into a useful and relatively powerful development language.
Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code (BASIC)
A large box with slots for blade servers and the box provides cooling fan, electrical power, connection to a shared monitor and pointing device, and even network connectivity. The actual design depends on the manufacturer
Blade Enclosure
A server unit that looks like a card that fits into a blade enclosure. These servers are intended to save space.
Blade Server
A computer hardware and software design in which different portions of an application execute on different computers, or on different components of a single computer. Typically, one kind of software supports the user, and the other type of software conducts database searches, manages printer output, and the like.
Client(User) / Server Systems(Server)
A computing technology that provides a host of scalable Web-based applications and services over the Internet or a private network that are used by clients through Web browsers.
Cloud Computing
Instructions written in a computer programming language.
Code
An interface that enables the user to display a command line from which to enter commands, such as though the Command Prompt window in Windows operating systems and that terminal window in Linux and Mac OS X.
Command-Line Interface
A type of NVRAM that uses a low-power technology and when employed to store the BIOS in a computer, it is powered by a small battery.
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) memory
A computer hardware and software design in which the operating system temporarily hands off control to and application and waits for the application to return control to the operating system.
Cooperative Multitasking
A computer operating system that typically is installed in a PC type of computer, usually by one person at a time, that may or may not be connected to a network.
Desktop Operating System
Computer software designed to provide the operating system and application software access to specific computer hardware.
Device Driver
A issuance of UNIX or Linux that is based on a standard kernel, but that also has customizations added by a particular private or commercial development group.
Distribution
An interface between the user and an operating system, which presents information in an intuitive graphical format that employs multiple colors, figures, icons, windows, toolbars, and other features. A GUI is usually deployed with a pointing device, such as a mouse, to make the user more productive.
Graphical User Interface
The physical devices in a computer that you can touch ( If you have the cover off), such as the CPU, circuit boards (cards), disk drives, monitor, and modem.
Hardware
Information taken in by a computer device to handle or process, such as characters typed at a keyboard.
Input
Information sent out by a computer device after that information is handled or processed, such as displaying the characters typed at the keyboard on the monitor.
Output
The essential set of programs and computer code built into a computer operating system to control processor, disk, memory, and other functions central to the basic operation of a computer. It communicates with the BIOS, device drivers, and the API to perform these functions. It also interfaces with resource managers.
Kernel
The first widely distributed operating system for microcomputers, created by Tim Patterson and a team, including Bill Gates, at Microsoft. This generic computer code used to control many basic computer hardware and software functions.
Microsoft Disk Operating System ( also know as MS-DOS or DOS)
The essential set of programs and computer code built into a computer operating system to control processor, disk, memory, and other functions central to the basic operation of a computer. It communicates with the BIOS, device drivers, and the API to perform these functions. It also interfaces with resource managers.
Kernel
The first widely distributed operating system for microcomputers, created by Tim Patterson and a team, including Bill Gates, at Microsoft. This generic computer code used to control many basic computer hardware and software functions.
Microsoft Disk Operating System ( also know as MS-DOS or DOS)
The essential set of programs and computer code built into a computer operating system to control processor, disk, memory, and other functions central to the basic operation of a computer. It communicates with the BIOS, device drivers, and the API to perform these functions. It also interfaces with resource managers.
Kernel
The first widely distributed operating system for microcomputers, created by Tim Patterson and a team, including Bill Gates, at Microsoft. This generic computer code used to control many basic computer hardware and software functions.
Microsoft Disk Operating System ( also know as MS-DOS or DOS)
