Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is anatomic nomenclature?
The system of names for anatomic structures
The nomenclature of anatomy is based on?
The body being in anatomic position
What is the anatomic position?
The body standing erect
-The arms are at the sides with palms and eyes directed forward
True or False
The anatomic position is assumed even when the body may be supine (on the back) or prone (on the front) or even with respect to the patient’s head and neck when sitting in a dental chair.
True
What does anterior mean?
The front of an area in relationship to the entire body.
What does posterior mean?
The back of an area.
What does ventral mean?
Directed towards the anterior and opposite of dorsal
What does dorsal mean?
Posterior when considering the entire body.
What is superior?
Area that faces toward the head and away from the feet.
What is inferior?
Area that faces away from the head and toward the feet.
What is apex?
The pointed end of a conical structure, such as the tongue apex
What is the median plane?
Also known as midsagittal plane
Created by an imaginary line dividing the body into equal right and left halves.
What is a sagittal plane?
Any plane created by a imaginary plane parallel to the median plane.
What is a frontal plane?
Also known as coronal plane
Created by an imaginary line dividing the body at any level into anterior and posterior parts
What is a horizontal plane?
Created by an imaginary line dividing the body at any level into superior and inferior parts and is always perpendicular to the median plane.
What is median?
Structure located at the median plane
What is medial?
Area closer to the median plane of the body or structure
What is lateral?
Area farther from the median plane
What is proximal?
Area closer to the median plane
What is distal?
Area farther from the median plane
What is epsilateral?
Structures on the same side of the body
What is contralateral?
Structures on the opposite side of the body
What is superficial?
Structures located toward the surface of the body
What is deep?
Structures located inward, away from the surface of the body
What is the inner side of the wall of a hollow structure referred to as?
Internal
What is the outer side of the wall of a hollow structure referred to as?
External
What is a division through any frontal plane?
Frontal section
What is a division through a horizontal plane?
Transverse section
What is the study of the structural relationships of the external features of the body to the internal organs and parts?
Surface anatomy
What are the regions of the head?
Frontal Temporal Parietal Occipital Auricular Orbital Nasal Infraorbital Zygomatic Buccal Oral Mental regions
The frontal region of the head includes?
Forehead and area superior to the eyes
Where is the supraorbital ridge (supercilliary) located?
Just inferior to the eyebrow
Where is the glabella located?
Smooth, elevated area between the eyebrows
Where is the frontal eminence located?
Prominence of the forehead
What is located within the temporal region?
The temple (superficial side of head posterior to each eye)
The auricular region of each side of the head has what prominent feature?
External ear
What is the external ear composed of?
Auricle or oval flap of the ear and the external acoustic meatus
What is the superior and posterior free margin of the auricle called?
The helix
What is the lobule?
Fleshy protuburence of the earlobe
The __________ is the smaller flap of tissue of the auricle anterior to the external acoustic meatus.
Tragus
What is the other flap of tissue opposite the tragus called?
Anti-tragus
In the __________ ________ (2 words) of each side of the head, the eyeball and all its supporting structures are contained in the bony socket or __________.
Orbital region
Orbit
What is the white area of the eye called?
Sclera
What is the circular area of coloration located in the central area of the orbital region called?
Iris
What is located behind each upper eye lid and deep within the orbit?
Lacrimal glands
The lacrimal glands produce…
Lacrimal fluid, or tears
What is the main feature of the nasal region of the head?
External nose