Chapter 1 & 2 Revision

Question 1

What is a natural resource?

Answer 1

Raw materials that occur in the environment and which are necessary or useful to people.

Question 2

What is a renewable resource?

Answer 2

A resource which can be replaced over a short period of time.

Question 3

What is a non-renewable resource?

Answer 3

A resource that can only be replaced over millions of years.

Question 4

Give two examples of a renewable resource.

Answer 4

Solar energy, water, forests, wind energy

Question 5

Give two examples of non-renewable resources.

Answer 5

Coal, oil, fossil fuels, minerals (diamonds, gold, etc)

Question 6

Is water a renewable resource? Explain.

Answer 6

Yes. It is constantly being recycled through the water cycle.

Question 7

Name the places water stays the longest.

Answer 7

Antarctic ice sheets, Groundwater, Glaciers, Oceans

Question 8

Provide your own example to show how the water cycle works.

Answer 8

For example, animals drink water out of lakes and rivers, then urinate it out. The water sinks into the ground, then evaporates into the air as water vapour, then condenses into the clouds before cooling and falling to Earth as precipitation. It then gathers in lakes and rivers again, continuing the cycle.

Question 9

What is groundwater?

Answer 9

The water found under the Earth’s surface.

Question 10

What does the word ‘permeable’ mean?

Answer 10

Allowing liquids and gases to travel through.

Question 11

What is ‘groundwater recharge’?

Answer 11

A process in which water moves down from the Earth’s surface into the groundwater.

Question 12

What is run-off?

Answer 12

Precipitation not absorbed by soil, and which runs over the land and into streams.

Question 13

What is improved water?

Answer 13

Water that is safe for human consumption.

Question 14

What is unimproved water?

Answer 14

Water that is not safe for human consumption because it is polluted

Question 15

How is surface water and groundwater interconnected?

Answer 15

Groundwater is just surface water that has sunk into the ground.

Question 16

What is blue water?

Answer 16

Water that is surface water and groundwater, e.g. Lakes and Rivers.

Question 17

What is green water?

Answer 17

Water that is stored in the soil or for vegetation, e.g. Water in plants.

Question 18

What might happen to an environment that receives less water than they do now?

Answer 18

Drought

Question 19

What might happen to an environment that receives more water than they do now?

Answer 19

Floods

Question 20

What does SPICESS stand for?

Answer 20

Space, Place, Interconnection, Change, Environment, Sustainability, Scale.

Question 21

In SPICESS, what does ‘space’ mean?

Answer 21

Divided areas on the Earth, each with its own characteristics which determines its boundaries.

Question 22

In SPICESS, what does ‘place’ mean?

Answer 22

The location of objects/features on the Earth’s surface.

Question 23

What is absolute location?

Answer 23

The exact position for a certain thing / can be pin-pointed on a map

Question 24

What is relative location?

Answer 24

A description of the object/feature’s location from a known point e.g. North of a place.

Question 25

In SPICESS, what does ‘interconnection’ mean?

Answer 25

The relationship between two places, features or objects e.g. from a shopping centre to the carpark.

Question 26

In SPICESS, what does ‘change’ mean?

Answer 26

When the characteristics of a place alters over time.

Question 27

In SPICESS, what does ‘environment’ mean?

Answer 27

The physical and biological world that provides the necessary resources to support all life on Earth.

Question 28

In SPICESS, what does ‘sustainability’ mean?

Answer 28

The ability of the environment to maintain its capacity to support life for a long time.

Question 29

In SPICESS, what does ‘scale’ mean?

Answer 29

The relationship between the real size of something and its size on a map, model, or diagram.

Question 30

What is water scarcity?

Answer 30

A situation when the demand for water is greater than the available supply

Question 31

What is water stress?

Answer 31

A situation that occurs in a country with less than 1000 cubic metres of renewable fresh water per person

Question 32

Name some countries that are water stressed and experience water scarcity

Answer 32

Australia, India, China, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, America.

Question 33

What are Water Refugees?

Answer 33

People who move from the countryside to the city to avoid water scarcity.