Chapter 1 & 2 Revision Flashcards
What is a natural resource?
Raw materials that occur in the environment and which are necessary or useful to people.
What is a renewable resource?
A resource which can be replaced over a short period of time.
What is a non-renewable resource?
A resource that can only be replaced over millions of years.
Give two examples of a renewable resource.
Solar energy, water, forests, wind energy
Give two examples of non-renewable resources.
Coal, oil, fossil fuels, minerals (diamonds, gold, etc)
Is water a renewable resource? Explain.
Yes. It is constantly being recycled through the water cycle.
Name the places water stays the longest.
Antarctic ice sheets, Groundwater, Glaciers, Oceans
Provide your own example to show how the water cycle works.
For example, animals drink water out of lakes and rivers, then urinate it out. The water sinks into the ground, then evaporates into the air as water vapour, then condenses into the clouds before cooling and falling to Earth as precipitation. It then gathers in lakes and rivers again, continuing the cycle.
What is groundwater?
The water found under the Earth’s surface.
What does the word ‘permeable’ mean?
Allowing liquids and gases to travel through.
What is ‘groundwater recharge’?
A process in which water moves down from the Earth’s surface into the groundwater.
What is run-off?
Precipitation not absorbed by soil, and which runs over the land and into streams.
What is improved water?
Water that is safe for human consumption.
What is unimproved water?
Water that is not safe for human consumption because it is polluted
How is surface water and groundwater interconnected?
Groundwater is just surface water that has sunk into the ground.
What is blue water?
Water that is surface water and groundwater, e.g. Lakes and Rivers.
What is green water?
Water that is stored in the soil or for vegetation, e.g. Water in plants.
What might happen to an environment that receives less water than they do now?
Drought
What might happen to an environment that receives more water than they do now?
Floods
What does SPICESS stand for?
Space, Place, Interconnection, Change, Environment, Sustainability, Scale.
In SPICESS, what does ‘space’ mean?
Divided areas on the Earth, each with its own characteristics which determines its boundaries.
In SPICESS, what does ‘place’ mean?
The location of objects/features on the Earth’s surface.
What is absolute location?
The exact position for a certain thing / can be pin-pointed on a map
What is relative location?
A description of the object/feature’s location from a known point e.g. North of a place.
In SPICESS, what does ‘interconnection’ mean?
The relationship between two places, features or objects e.g. from a shopping centre to the carpark.
In SPICESS, what does ‘change’ mean?
When the characteristics of a place alters over time.
In SPICESS, what does ‘environment’ mean?
The physical and biological world that provides the necessary resources to support all life on Earth.
In SPICESS, what does ‘sustainability’ mean?
The ability of the environment to maintain its capacity to support life for a long time.
In SPICESS, what does ‘scale’ mean?
The relationship between the real size of something and its size on a map, model, or diagram.
What is water scarcity?
A situation when the demand for water is greater than the available supply
What is water stress?
A situation that occurs in a country with less than 1000 cubic metres of renewable fresh water per person
Name some countries that are water stressed and experience water scarcity
Australia, India, China, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, America.
What are Water Refugees?
People who move from the countryside to the city to avoid water scarcity.
