Chapter 1-2 Flashcards
An arc of rich farmland in SW Asia, between Persian gulf and Mediterranean Sea
Fertile Crescent
word meaning, “land between the rivers.”
Mesopotamia
A city and the surrounding lands functioning as an independent political unit
City-state
Series of rulers from a single family
Dynasty
The process where new ideas spread from one place to another
Cultural diffusion
The belief in multiple gods
Polytheism
A collection of people, nations, and previously independent states under one ruler
Empire
Ruled the Babylonian empire in 1792-1750 BC
Hammurabi
A broad, marshy, triangular area of land formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of a river
Delta
A king of Egypt who supposedly united Upper and lower Egypt
Narmer
An Egyptian god-king, they were said to be as splendid as gods of the heavens
Pharaoh
A type of gov’t that is ruled by a religious authority
Theocracy
The tomb for kings; an immense structure
Pyramid
The way royal and elite Egyptian bodies were preserved
Mummification
The writing system Egyptians used; comes from Greek, “Sacred carving.”
Hieroglyphics
A paperlike sheet that the Egyptians used to write on after stone.
Papyrus
Highly mobile people who moved from place to place
Nomads
Nomatic groups whose food supply depends on hunting/gathering
Hunter-gatherers
Beginning of farming
Neolithic Revolution
Cutting trees/greenery and burned them to create a field
Slash-and-burn farming
Taming of animals
Domestication
Human made objects; tools and jewlery
Artifacts
A people’s unique way of life
Culture
Humans or creatures that walk upright
Hominids
The old stone age
Paleolithic Age
The new stone age
Neolithic Age
Ways of applying knowledge, tools, and inventions to meet their needs
Technology
“Wise men” species name for humans
Homo sapiens
Fully modern humans; competed with Neanderthals
Cro-Magnons
First humanlike creature to walk upright
Australopithecines
First to make stone tools
Homo Habilis
“Upright man”; used intelegence to develop technology
Homo erectus
Thick, powerfully built peoples
Neanderthals
family of fossil-hunters
The Leakeys
A complex structure with five major characteristics
Civilization
