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Ethics > Chapter 1 & 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 & 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The system or code of conduct and morals advocated by a particular individual or group
(Study of acceptable conduct and moral judgement)

A

Ethics

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2
Q

Branch of ethics dealing with dilemmas faced by medical professionals, patients, and their families and friends.

A

Biomedical ethics

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3
Q

7 principles of biomedical ethics

A 
1 Autonomy
2 Beneficence
3 Confidentiality
4 Justice
5 Nonmaleficence
6 Role fidelity
7 Veracity
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4
Q

Specifies a standard of conduct by which all members of a profession must abide; helps ensure a high standard of practice.

A

Code of ethics

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5
Q

Purposeful, self-regulatory judgement resulting in interpretation, analysis, evaluation, and inference (ethical problem-solving tool)

A

Critical thinking

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6
Q

Hippocratic Oath

A

5th and 6th centuries BC

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7
Q

Qualities or standards desirable or worthy of esteem in themselves; they are expressed in behaviors, language, and standards of conduct.

A

Values

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8
Q

3 basic groups of values:

A
  • personal
  • cultural
  • professional
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9
Q

An awareness of the conduct, aims, and qualities defining a given profession

A

Professionalism

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10
Q

Ethical schools of thought (3)

A
  • consequentialism
  • deontology
  • virtue ethics
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11
Q

Bases decisions on the consequence or outcomes of a given act.

A

Consequentialism (teology)

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12
Q

Bases decision making on individual motives and morals rather than consequences, and examines the significance of actions themselves.

A

Deontology

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13
Q

Focuses on use of practical wisdom for emotional and intellectual problem solving (newest school of thought)

A

Virtue ethics

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14
Q

Ethical Models (5)

A 
Engineering
Paternal/priestly
Collegial
Contractual
Covenantal
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15
Q

Identifies the healthcare provider as a scientist concerned with facts; defines patient as a condition or procedure, not a person.

A

Engineering model.

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16
Q

Caregiver acts in an omniscient role, making decisions for that patient, not with the patient; caregiver thinks they know what is best for the patient.

A

Paternal/priestly model

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17
Q

Mutual cooperation between the healthcare provider and the patient.

A

Collegial model

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18
Q

Business relationship between caregiver and patient; both sides have rights and responsibilities.

A

Contractual Model

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19
Q

Agreement between caregiver and patient grounded in traditional values.

A

Covenantal model

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20
Q

Among the most important issues involved in biomedical ethics, influence almost every aspect of the caregiver’s ethical considerations

A

Patient’s rights

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21
Q

A body of rule of action and conduct prescribed by controlling authority and bonding legal force

A

Law

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22
Q

All of the laws and statutes put into place by elected officials in federal, state, county, and city governments.

A

Legislation

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23
Q

Includes all laws enacted by federal, stat, county, and city governments

A

Statutory Law

24
Q

Branches of law - 3 components of the legal system that have an impact on the imaging practice.

A

Administrative law
Criminal law
Civil law

25
Q

Determines the licensing and regulation of the practice of imaging professionals

A

Administrative law

26
Q

Addresses wrongs against the state government.

A

Criminal law

27
Q

Addresses wrongs committed by one party harming another.

A

Civil law

28
Q

Subdivision of civil law under which actions are filed to recover damages for personal injury or property; damage occurring from negligent conduct or intentional misconduct.

A

Tort law

29
Q

Phases of a lawsuit (5)

A 
Pleading
Discovery
Trial
Decision
Post decision appeal process
30
Q

Plaintiff files a complaint

A

Pleading

31
Q

Facts of case are sought

A

Discovery

32
Q

Facts are presented to judge or jury

A

Trial

33
Q

Rendered by judge or jury

A

Decision

34
Q

Decision may be reversed or reviewed

A

Post decision appeal process

35
Q

System for identifying, analyzing, and evaluation risks and selecting the most advantageous method for treating them.

A

Risk Management

36
Q

Process to assess quality of patient care that uses hospital committees to oversee the quality of various hospital functions.

A

Quality Assurance

37
Q

States that a person may perform an act that has evil effects or risk such effects as long as 4 certain conditions are met.

A

Principle of Double Effect

38
Q

Performance of good acts (do good)

A

Beneficence

39
Q

Avoidance if evil (do no harm)

A

Non-maleficence

40
Q

Achieved through passive omission

A

Non-maleficence

41
Q

Achieved through active omission

A

Beneficence

42
Q

Primary responsibility of the healthcare provider

A

Non-maleficence

43
Q

Moral rightness

A

Justice

44
Q

When a patient enters a hospital and undergoes imaging studies (verbal or written)

A

Contractual agreements

45
Q

If patient is unable to make their own decision, either the best interest of the patient or the rational choice principle should be used.

A

Surrogate obligations

46
Q

“Commands that the surrogate choose what the patient would have chosen when competent and having considered all available relevant info and the interest of relevant others.”

A

Rational choice principle

47
Q

Most basic legal parameter of healthcare; the degree of skill or care practiced by a reasonable professional practicing in the same field

A

Standard of care

48
Q

An unintentional tort involving duty, breach of duty, injury, and causation

A

Negligence

49
Q

The degree of care a reasonable person, with similar education and experience, would use

A

Reasonable care

50
Q

A breach of the healthcare provider’s duty to follow the applicable standard of care, which results in harm to the patient; medical malpractice

A

Medical negligence

51
Q

Legal doctrine “the thing speaks for itself”

Legal concept invoked I situations in which a particular injury could not have occurred in the absence of negligence

A

Res Ipa Loquitur

52
Q

From risk management perspective, the medical record is the most important element in preventing and minimizing adverse consequences of malpractice suits

A

Documentation

Complete and accurate

53
Q

Patient data sheet

A 
Pt. identification
History
LMP
Time of arrival/departure
Names of persons performing exam
Comment section
54
Q

Valuable risk management tool; report occurrences w/pts., visitors, and employees that have resulted or may result on hospital liability

A

Incident reporting

55
Q

Technical detail issues

A

Correct image identification
Timely distribution of reports
Radiation protection
Safety

Ethics (2 decks)

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