Chapter 1

Question 1

How does nutrition affect health?

Answer 1

Prevents chronic disease, promotes wellness

Question 2

Describe the difference between organic and inorganic nutrients

Answer 2

Organic contains carbon and hydrogen

Question 3

What are the 6 classes of nutrients?

Answer 3

Carbohydrates
Fats and oils
Proteins
Vitamins
Minerals
Water

Question 4

Which are macronutrients?

Answer 4

Carbohydrates
Fats and oils,
Proteins

Question 5

Micronutrients?


Answer 5

Vitamins

Minerals

Question 6

What nutrients provide energy?

Answer 6

Macronutrients

Question 7

What is a kilocalorie (kcal)?

Answer 7

1 food Calorie

Question 8

How many kcal per gram do the energy yielding nutrients provide?

Answer 8

Carbs-4 Cal/g
Fats-9 Cal/g
Proteins - 4 Cal/g

Question 9

Are proteins a primary source of energy?

Answer 9

No, though they do provide energy

Question 10

Vitamins are classified into two groups – what are they and which vitamins fall into each category?

Answer 10

Water soluble
C,B,…
Fat soluble:
ADEK

Question 11

What are minerals and how does their structure differ from vitamins? What are the 2 classes of minerals?

Answer 11

Major mineral: Needed in amounts greater than 100 mg per day
Present in amounts greater than 5 g in our body
Trace mineral:
Needed in amounts less than 100 mg per day
present in amounts less than 5 mg in our body

Question 12

What are some of the functions of water?

Answer 12

Fluid balance
regulation of nerve impulses, 
muscle contractions
nutrient transport
excretion of waste products

Question 13

How are Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) used?

Answer 13

Dietary Reference Intakes

A set of nutritional reference values for the US and Canada that applies to healthy people

Question 14

What are the RDA, AI, EAR, AMDR and EER values?

Answer 14

RDA-Recommended dietary allowance
AI - Adequate Intake
EAR- Estimated Average requirement
AMDR - Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range
EER- Estimated Energy Requirement

Question 15

How is the RDA set for a nutrient?

Answer 15

Represents the average daily nutrient intake level that meets the requirements of 97-98%

Question 16

What is the AMDR for CHO?

Answer 16

45-65% of calories

Question 17

What is the AMDR for Protein?

Answer 17

10-35% of calories

Question 18

What is the AMDR for Fat?

Answer 18

20-35% of calories

Question 19

What are the steps in the scientific method?

Answer 19

1. observation
2. hypothesis
3. experiment
4. observations
   5a. data support hypothesis 5b. data does not support hypothesis
   6a. repeat experiment 6b. reject 6c. modify hypothesis
   7a. accept hypothesis 7c. modified hypothesis->3
   8 theory

Question 20

Differentiate between a nutritionist, licensed nutritionist, and a registered dietitian

Answer 20

Registered dietician- a registered dietitian is someone who possesses at least a baccalaureate degree, has completed a defined content of course work and experience in nutrition and dietics.
Has completed the registration Exam for Dietitian
Licensed Nutritionist-a licensed nutritionist is an individual who is educated is trained and holds a professional license in nutrition.
Nutritionist - this term generally has no definition or laws regulating it. It may refer to anyone who thinks he or she is knowledgeable about nutrition.