Chapter 1 Flashcards
How does nutrition affect health?
Prevents chronic disease, promotes wellness
Describe the difference between organic and inorganic nutrients
Organic contains carbon and hydrogen
What are the 6 classes of nutrients?
Carbohydrates Fats and oils Proteins Vitamins Minerals Water
Which are macronutrients?
Carbohydrates
Fats and oils,
Proteins
Micronutrients?
Vitamins
Minerals
What nutrients provide energy?
Macronutrients
What is a kilocalorie (kcal)?
1 food Calorie
How many kcal per gram do the energy yielding nutrients provide?
Carbs-4 Cal/g
Fats-9 Cal/g
Proteins - 4 Cal/g
Are proteins a primary source of energy?
No, though they do provide energy
Vitamins are classified into two groups – what are they and which vitamins fall into each category?
Water soluble
C,B,…
Fat soluble:
ADEK
What are minerals and how does their structure differ from vitamins? What are the 2 classes of minerals?
Major mineral: Needed in amounts greater than 100 mg per day
Present in amounts greater than 5 g in our body
Trace mineral:
Needed in amounts less than 100 mg per day
present in amounts less than 5 mg in our body
What are some of the functions of water?
Fluid balance regulation of nerve impulses, muscle contractions nutrient transport excretion of waste products
How are Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) used?
Dietary Reference Intakes
A set of nutritional reference values for the US and Canada that applies to healthy people
What are the RDA, AI, EAR, AMDR and EER values?
RDA-Recommended dietary allowance AI - Adequate Intake EAR- Estimated Average requirement AMDR - Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range EER- Estimated Energy Requirement
How is the RDA set for a nutrient?
Represents the average daily nutrient intake level that meets the requirements of 97-98%
What is the AMDR for CHO?
45-65% of calories
What is the AMDR for Protein?
10-35% of calories
What is the AMDR for Fat?
20-35% of calories
What are the steps in the scientific method?
- observation
- hypothesis
- experiment
- observations
5a. data support hypothesis 5b. data does not support hypothesis
6a. repeat experiment 6b. reject 6c. modify hypothesis
7a. accept hypothesis 7c. modified hypothesis->3
8 theory
Differentiate between a nutritionist, licensed nutritionist, and a registered dietitian
Registered dietician- a registered dietitian is someone who possesses at least a baccalaureate degree, has completed a defined content of course work and experience in nutrition and dietics.
Has completed the registration Exam for Dietitian
Licensed Nutritionist-a licensed nutritionist is an individual who is educated is trained and holds a professional license in nutrition.
Nutritionist - this term generally has no definition or laws regulating it. It may refer to anyone who thinks he or she is knowledgeable about nutrition.
