CHAPTER 1 Flashcards
branch of knowledge that investigates the natural phenomena around us by observing them, drawing inferences from them and subjecting them to experimentation using the scientific process.
Science
Application of the concepts of science in order to create tools that would make life easy.
Technology
Three Age System
Introduced by _________, A ______ who developed system for classifying artifacts according to periods.
- Christian Jürgensen Thomsen
- Danish antiquarian
Composed of people that are living in a community having the same culture, economic status, and subject to the same political authority.
Society
A broad prehistoric period where stones were used primarily as tools. The period lasted for about ______.
- Stone Age
- 3.4 million years
Three periods
Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age
A period where the use of fire was intensified by creating smelting put to shape tools and wares being used by men.
It followed the ______. Bronze is an alloy of _____ and _____.
- Bronze Age (2000 – 500 BC)
- Neolithic period
- copper & tin
________
was adopted to catch up with the demand of agriculture. Oxen were replaced by horses. _____ & _____ were developed.
Agriculture flourished and more nutritious harvests were available for the people.
- 5th and 15th Century
- Moldboard plow
- Horse collars and horseshoes
A period where use of iron and steel was prevalent
Iron Age (1200 – 600 BC)
Middle Age: Medieval Period
In Europe, during this period, feudalism was the dominant social system.
Under this system, the king gives land to _____ and ____. Peasants tilled the land and planted crops and gave most of the harvest to the landowner.
- 5th and 15th Century
- noblemen and bishops
Middle Age: Dark Age
Early part of Middle Ages, referred to as the time of intellectual darkness.
It characterizes the Middle Ages as a time of violence and lack of progress and was called by _________ as _____ & _____.
- 450 – 1000 AD
- Edward Gibbon
- barbarism and religion
_______
_______
Before 1500, more than ____ universities were established in Europe. Many were supervised by______
Engaged in higher learning of at least of these courses: ____, ____, _____
- Middle Age
- Education
- 80
- Catholic churches.
- Medicine, Law, or Theology.
MIDDLE AGE
________
recognized that sicknesses could spread from person to person, that lifestyle has effect on health and some people were more prone to illness than others.
Physicians relied on unsanitary and dangerous way of treating the disease. Superstitious way of combating the bacteria.
- Middle Age
- Medicine
- Medieval medicines
Is one of the oldest civilizations.
In Science, they are advanced in
- China
- Physics, Astronomy, Mathematics, and Medical Biology.
In agriculture and economy, farming largely began in ______& ______(longest river in Asia and 3rd in the world).
Free trade among the countries happen on riverbanks, bartering is easy and there’s abundant supply of water.
- Huang Ho and Yangtze rivers
China’s Contribution
Silk, Bronze, Paper, Compass, GunPowder, Guns, Mechanical Clock. Animal Harness, Water Canals
is one of the oldest civilizations in the world, and was inhabited approximately ______ years ago.
- India’s Contribution
- 250,000
Scientists from IIT-Kharagpur and Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) have uncovered evidence that the _______ is at least _____ years old, taking root well before the _______ and _______ civilizations.
- Indus Valley Civilization
- 8,000 years old
- Egyptian and Mesopotamian
Amazing architecture. one of the seven wonders of the world.
Taj Mahal
Africa’s Contribution?
- First Method of Counting
- African Stonehenge
- Advances in Metallurgy and Tool
- Medicines
First Methods of Counting
- Yoruba Number Scale
- Zaire Number Scale
Work of ancient astronomers observing:
Work of ancient astronomers observing:
* Saturn’s ring
* Jupiter’s moon
* Spiral structure of Milky Way
* Orbit of Sirius Star
African Stonehenge
Bow and Nails Glue
Advances in Metallurgy and Tool
Salicylic Skin Filling of Dental
Acid Grafting Cavities
Medicines
