Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is health psychology?
A branch of psychology that explores how biological, psychological, and social factors influence health, illness, and healthcare
It aims to promote healthier lifestyles, prevent illness, and improve overall well-being through research and interventions.
Define health.
A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
What are health disparities?
Preventable differences in health outcomes and access to healthcare services among different populations.
What is the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA)?
A U.S. healthcare reform law enacted in 2010 to expand health insurance coverage and reduce costs.
True or False: Humoral theory is a modern concept in medicine.
False
What does an epidemic refer to?
A sudden increase in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in a specific population or area.
Fill in the blank: A _______ is an epidemic that has spread across multiple countries or continents.
pandemic
What is the biomedical model?
Focuses on the biological aspects of disease and illness, emphasizing physical symptoms and medical treatments.
Define pathogen.
A microorganism, such as a virus, bacterium, or fungus, that causes disease.
What is psychosomatic medicine?
Explores the connection between psychological factors and physical health.
What does etiology study?
The causes and origins of diseases.
Who are Transgender and Gender Nonconforming (TGNC) individuals?
Those whose gender identity or expression differs from societal expectations based on their assigned sex at birth.
What is gender-neutral language?
Language that avoids bias toward a particular sex or gender.
What does the biopsychosocial model emphasize?
The interconnectedness of biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding health and illness.
Define genomics.
The study of an organism’s entire genome, including its structure, function, and influence on health and disease.
What is epigenetics?
The study of how environmental and lifestyle factors influence gene expression without altering the DNA sequence.
Fill in the blank: Subjective well-being refers to an individual’s perception of their own _______.
happiness and life satisfaction
What is a birth cohort?
A group of individuals born during the same period who often share similar historical and social experiences.
Define acute disorder.
A condition with a rapid onset and typically short duration.
What is a chronic illness?
A long-term medical condition that requires ongoing management.
What does socioeconomic status (SES) refer to?
An individual’s or group’s social and economic position, typically measured by income, education, and occupation.
True or False: The immigrant paradox refers to the phenomenon where immigrants often have worse health outcomes than native-born individuals.
False
What does the ecological-systems approach examine?
How different environmental systems influence individual behavior and development.
Define positive health.
Focuses on optimizing physical, mental, and social well-being rather than merely treating illness.
What is health literacy?
The ability to access, understand, and use health information to make informed decisions.
Fill in the blank: Massification refers to the process of making products, services, or opportunities _______.
widely accessible to the general population
