chapter 1 Flashcards
it is the scientific method of detecting deception, using a polygraph.
Polygraphy
Polygraphy is the more popular term for________________
Forensic Psychophysiology
a technique used to determine the stress levels of a person regarding a specific issue to ascertain whether he/she is deceptive or telling the truth.
Polygraph Science
is an instrument for the recording of changes in blood pressure, pulse rate, respiration and skin resistance as indication of emotional disturbances especially of lying when questioned.
Polygraph
It is an instrument whereby multiple signals from the sensors are recorded on a single strip of moving paper. A scientific instrument that simultaneously records the changes in physiological processes of the human body.
Polygraph
other name for polygraph is?
truth verifier and lie detector
Polygraph was derived from two Greek word poly means “_______” and graphe/graphos/graphien means “_________”.
many
writing
– is a form of Psychophysiological Veracity Examination which involves the examination of a subject using the polygraph that officially covers the moment the subject enters the polygraph suite until he leaves.
Polygraph Examination
It may, however, include the time when the examiner officially accepted the case and commenced gathering information from the requesting party.
Polygraph Examination
–is the specific part of the polygraph examination that transpires from the moment the chart drive (kymograph) is turned on until it is turned off.
Polygraph Test
It is the actual test whereby the reactions of the subject on a specific stimulus are being recorded using the polygraph instrument.
Polygraph Test
– is the expert in polygraph science who uses polygraph instrument to verify truthfulness of a subject’s statement or testimony.
Polygraph Examiner/Polygraphist
– it is an act of discovery of existence, presence of fact or something hidden or obscure.
Detection
– refers to uttering intentionally false statement, falsehood, anything that deceives or creates false impression, to make untrue statement knowingly especially with intent to deceive and to give an erroneous or misleading impression.
Lie
– the uttering or conveying of falsehood or creating a false or misleading information with the intention of affecting wrongfully the acts and opinion of other.
Lying
– refers to a person who utters intentionally a false statement.
Liar
– is the polygraph chart tracings obtained from a subject. It consists of polygraph chart and the tracings (or recorded physiological responses) of a subject from specific stimuli.
Chart or Polygrams
– it refers to the person to be (or being) examined, usually a suspected criminal.
Subject
The subject is also called?.
examinee
– is any deviation from the normal tracing of the subject.
Specific Response
– is a tracing on the chart wherein the subject answered in the irrelevant question.
Normal Tracing
– Allows the interviewer to assess non-verbal and verbal behavior without the need of attachments to make the accurate determination of truth or deception.
Forensic Assessment Interview Technique
– are signs of lying observe to a person through the words that are spoken, speed of delivery of words, choice of words, tone of voice and the tense of language.
Verbal
– are signs of lying observe to a person through patterns of body movements, gestures, facial expressions, body posture, positioning and movements use to explain chosen words.
Non-Verbal
introduced by Francis Galton in (1879). Is a form of lie detection whereby he used a list of 75 stimulus words with which he read and noted his responses to the words tended to remain alike and they were typically taken from his childhood experiences.
Word association test (WAT)
is a common method of deciding guilt or innocence and a practice of referring questions to the judgment of God, Determined by Various means, particularly by physical tests.
Ordeal, Trial or Judicium Dei
a severe test of character or endurance; a trying course of experience, A medieval form of judicial trial in which the accused was subjected to various test.
Ordeal
the earliest known reference of the methods for detecting deception. Basis of the invention of polygraph.
Ayur-Veda “Hindu book of health and science”
practiced in the hill tribe of Rajhmal in the North Bengal.
Red hot iron ordeal
This ordeal is practiced in the Institute of Vishnu, India.
Ordeal by balance
This ordeal was the usual mode of trial allowed to member of the lower classes.
Ordeal by water
According to the laws of Athelstan the first king of England.
Boiling water ordeal
The usual mode of trial for witchcraft practiced in Europe and early United States (17th century).
Cold water ordeal
This ordeal is practiced by Indians.
a.a. It is performed with a kind of rice called “sathee”, prepared with various incantations (prayers or chants).
Ordeal by rice chewing
The ordeal is also known as “sassy bark” is used in the wide region of Eastern Africa.
Ordeal of the red water
This ordeal originated from India. In England, King Henry III abolished all legal ordeals except Ordeal by Combat.
Ordeal by combat
This ordeal is practiced in China and Alexandria, Egypt.
ordeal of the corsnaed
This ordeal is practiced in European Countries.
This was applied chiefly among the clergies and monks.
Test of eucharist
This ordeal is practiced in Australian and European Countries. It’s was an ancient belief that the slain dead could point out their killer.
Ordeal of the bier
This ordeal is practiced in Wanaka, Eastern Africa.
Ordeal of the needle
This ordeal is practiced in East Germany, Early Scandinavian Countries and early England.
a.a. The accused walked barefooted over coals of fire.
Ordeal of heat and fire
This ordeal is practiced in Europe.
The accuser and the accused were placed under the cross with their arms extended or crosswise and the first to move his hands or suffer them to fall was held guilty.
Trial of the cross
The accused was dressed in cloth covered with wax and walked barefooted over coals of fire. If he was unhurt by the fire and the wax did not melt, he was considered innocent.
Trial of the waxen shirt
It was mentioned by Hans Gross, the Father of Criminalistics in his famous book in criminal investigation.
Hereditary sieve method
Psychological theory
a.a. The donkey is placed in one room alone and observed it, and if the donkey cried the accused is guilty of the crime, because deep inside and in his conscience, he is guilty.
Donkeys tail ordeal
Practiced in Siam (Thailand).
a.a. The accused and accuser are place on a cage of a tiger; if the tiger spare one of them he is considered innocent.
Ordeal of the tiger
The (Ordeal by Divination) is being practiced in this country, whereby it involves two parties being furnished with candles of equal size and lighted simultaneously; the owner of the candle that outlast the other is adjudged to have won his cause.
Burma
The (Ordeal by Divination) is being practiced in this country, whereby it involves two parties being furnished with candles of equal size and lighted simultaneously; the owner of the candle that outlast the other is adjudged to have won his cause.
Burma
Legal authorities practiced trial by ordeal. The supposed criminal was made to drink a decoction; a poisonous fruit called “tangena”, a small dose is fatal, by managing to size of the dose, those who administer it can decide result.
Madagascar
The accuser and accused were presented shellfish placed on a plate. An irritating fluid was then poured on the shellfish and the litigant whose shellfish moved first was adjudged the winner.
Borneo
The priest “greased a cock’s feather” and pierced the tongue of the accused, if feather passed through the tongue easily, the accused was deemed innocent. If not, the accused is guilty. bb. The pouring of corrosive liquid into the eyes of the accused who was supposed to be unharmed if innocent.cc. Pouring of boiling oil over the hand of the accused with the usual requisites for guilt or innocence is also practiced.
Nigeria
The (Axe Ordeal) is being practiced in this country. A suspended axe was spun at the center of a group of suspects. When the axe stopped, whoever was in the line with the blade as supposed to be guilty out by the divine providence.
Greece
invented by Allen Bell Jr. and Charles McQuiston (1972). It begun in United States when Dektor Counter-Intelligence & Security, Inc. developed an instrument called Psychological Stress Evaluator (PSE) that can detect emotional stress in a person’s voice
Psychological stress evaluator
Computer Voice Stress Analyzer (CVS)
It is manufactured by the National Institute of Truth Verification (NITV) is the latest in a series of instruments known to detect deception in voice responses.
Voice Stress Analysis
first introduce by Anton Mesmer. The technique of inducing a person into a state of consciousness whereby he can respond to questions and is very susceptible to suggestions.
Hypnosis
invented by Dr. Edward Mandel House. In this lie-detection method, the term truth serum is a misnomer (a fallacy of description). Giving a drug to the examinee does not make him tell the truth, thus the chemical administered is not a serum but is actually a mind-distorting drug. In this method, common drugs used are hyoscine hydrobromide and scopolamine.
Truth serum
This method is similar to the preceding technique. However, the drugs used in Narcoanalysis (also called Narcosynthesis) are sodium amytal and sodium pentothal to sedate the subject. When the narcotic effects appear, questioning starts.
Narco-analysis
can reveal the real character behind the façade of a person. The apparent stimulation effect of alcohol is really the result of the control mechanism of the brain. The apparent stimulation effect of alcohol is really the result of the control mechanism of the brain, so alcohol, like truth serum and narcoanalysis drugs “inhibit the inhibitor”
Intoxication with alcohol
is also called as investigative discourse analysis and scientific analysis (SCAN), is a technique for analyzing the words people use to try to determine if what they said is accurate.
Statement Analysis
manufactured by the National Institute of Truth Verification (NITV) is the latest in a series of instruments known to detect deception in voice responses.
Voice Stress Analysis
patented by Lawrence A. Farwell. The basic principle is that different regions of the brain light up when people tell the truth or lie, and further, that different regions are activated depending upon the type of lie. Dr. Farwell’s research, however, looks at a specific type of electrical brain wave, called P300, which activates when a person sees a familiar object.
Brain Fingerprinting
It is discovered by Seif Ogawa, AMRI measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow.
When an area of the brain is in use, blood flow to that region also increases,
Functional Memory Resonance Imaging
Other name for polygraph
Truth verifier or lie detector
What is the instrument used in polygraph test
kymograph
polygrams are used in what type of polygraph
analog polygraph
charts is used in what type of polygraph?
computerized polygraph
Subject is also called
Examinee
Who introduced Word Association Test?
Francis Galton (1879)
Word Association Test is composed of how many stimulus words?
75 stimulus words
Who invented Psychological Stress Evaluator?
Allen Bell Jr. and Charles Mcquiston
Such oscillations of the muscles micro tremor occur at the rate of?
8 to 14 cycles per second
Who invented Truth serum?
Dr. Edward Mandel House
What are the common drugs used in Truth serum?
Hyoscine Hydrobromide and scopolamine
narco-analysis are also called?
narcosynthesis
what are the drugs used in narco analysis?
Sodium amytal and Sodium pentothal
In nino veritas means?
in wine there is truth
Who patented Brain fingerprinting?
Lawrence A. Farwell
specific type of electrical brain wave
P300
Who discovered Functional MR imaging?
Seif Ogawa
Dei indicum means
Miraculous decision
