Chapter 1 Flashcards
Types of manners of Reciting Qur’an?
1.Internal manners - Manners of Heart
2.External Manners - Manners of body
Manners of heart
1) Understanding the origin i.e. it is Allah’s words
2) Not the words of men
3) Presence of heart
4) Tafheem( Understanding the meaning)
5) Tadabbur ( Pondering over the meaning)
6) Takhsees ( Individualisation - trying to derive meaning for oneself)
External Manners of Reciting Qur’an?
1) Purity of body, clothes & place
2) Facing Qiblah ( Mustahaab)
3) Miswak
4) Not reading , when yawning
5) Avoid talking to people while reading
6) Stopping at a verse of warning and seeking protection from Allāh
7) Humbleness & crying while reading
What did Imam Nabawi say about those who cry while reciting Qur’an?
Those who cry while reciting have a actually understood Allah’s معرِفه- names and attributes .
Meaning they have the knowledge the status of Allah, who Allah is,how magnificent He is, how great Allah is , how wise Allah is,the only protector, how wise it is that we only worship Him
What did Imam Nabawi say about those who cry while reciting Qur’an?
Those who cry while reciting have a actually understood Allah’s معرِفه- names and attributes .
Meaning they have the knowledge the status of Allah, who Allah is,how magnificent He is, how great Allah is , how wise Allah is,the only protector, how wise it is that we only worship Him
What are the types of Quran recitation?
1)At Tilawah
2)Al Qirāt
3)Al Ittila’- Just by looking, not using the parts which are responsible for speech
What are the types of Quran recitation?
1)At Tilawah
2)Al Qirāt
3)Al Ittila’- Just by looking, not using the parts which are responsible for speech
When should we stop reading the Qur’an?
1)For answering back greeting
2)Thanking Allah after sneezing
3)Yarhamukullah
What is the literal meaning of Tajweed?
: تَحسين
To make something better or to improve
What is the technical meaning of Tajweed?
1)Articulating every letter from correct articulation points- from where the letter is actually pronounced - makhraj
2) Giving every letters it’s rights (حَق )
3) Giving every letter it’s dues( مُستَحَق) - characteristics or qualities
What does Rights of letters حق الحَرف mean in Tajweed?
Those characteristics which will never leave the letter.
Eg- Letter ط is always read heavy , whether it comes with fathah, kasarah or dammah
What does مُستَحَق الحَرف mean?
Those characteristics which are with the letters sometimes due to some reason and sometimes it is absent.
Eg- Qalqalah is present only when ق ط ب خ د have sukoon ( ْ )
If these letters have fathah, kasarah or dammah we’ll not give Qalqalah
Where Tajweed is applied?
1) Qur’an
2) Hadith ( acc to some scholars)
What is the benefit of learning Tajweed?
Preserves our tongue from making mistakes
Eg قَلب ( heart)، كَلب( dog)
What is the position of Tajweed among all the Islamic Sciences?
For most of the scholars it is one of the best science because we are trying to rectify to read Allah’s words directly
What’s it’s( Tajweed) place among all the other sciences?
Tajweed is the knowledge of the Shari’ah and it is the knowledge of the Qur’an
Who is the founder of Tajweed?
Practically Muhammad salaallahu alaihi wa sallam
Abu Ubayd Al Qasim bin Salam(235H)
Who were the main rules setter of Tajweed?
1) Abu Ubayd Al Qasim bin Salam(235H)
2) Abu Aswad ad Dauli
What does Mutawatir mean?
At every there were more than 40 people narrating the same thing
Quran is Mutawatir
What are the rulings of Reciting Qur’an with Tajweed?
1st opinion-(wajib) فَرض عيِن
2nd opinion- not wajib due to some defects or for layman
3rd opinion- We have to try our best to read the Qur’an with Tajweed
What are the rulings of Reciting Qur’an with Tajweed?
1st opinion-(wajib) فَرض عيِن
2nd opinion- not wajib due to some defects or for layman
3rd opinion- We have to try our best to read the Qur’an with Tajweed
What is the ruling on learning detailed rules of Tajweed?
فَض كِفاية
Fardh e Kifayah
( at least few should know , in a community, if no one knows everyone is sinful)
If I want to recite the Qur’an with Tajweed , what should I do?
1) Knowledge of Maakharij
2) Knowledge of Sifaat
3) Knowledge of Ahkaam
4) Repetition ( exercising the tongue)
What are the three levels of Reciting Qur’an?
1) Tahqeeq—slow recitation.For eg Teaching, Learning
2) Hadr—swift recitation . For eg Hifdh, Taraweeh
3) Tadweer —in between the above two . For eg Daily recitation
What are the category of recitors?
1) MuhsinMaajur مُحسِن مأجُر - who recites beautifully and is rewarded
2) Musee Ma’dhur مُسىٔ مَعذُر - who doesn’t have capacity to recite properly or unable to find a teacher, so he is excused
3) Musii’ Āathim مُسىء آثِم - recites badly and is a sinner due to negligence or heedlessness
Is it mandatory to recite Istia’dah before reciting Qur’an?
Yes, acc to most of the scholars as it is a command from Allah .
Evidence - Surah an Nahl, ayah 98
Why Istiadah is recited before reciting Qur’an?
To get rid of Shaytaan’s waswasah we ask Allah’s protection from Shaytaan .
Because Shaytaan will never like us to read or understand the Qur’an.
How to read Istiadah?
1) Read softly when reciting Qur’an alone
2) Read softly even if reciting Qur’an loudly
3) Read loudly in a Qur’an gathering
4) When taking turns during class only the first member will recite loudly
5) Acc to most of the scholars Imams should recite Istia’dah and Basmalah softly
6) Read softly in Salah even when praying loudly
7) Repeat the Istia’dah after normal conversation or after replying to greetings
8) No need to repeat after talking related to the Qur’an
9) No need to repeat Istia’dah after Sneezing , or coughing
Is saying only “ Bismillah” enough ?
Yes , saying only Bismillah is enough but the more words we add the more ajr or sawaab we get
When it is waajib to recite Basmalah?
It is wajib to read Basmalah when reciting beginning of the surahs except Surah Tawbah
Why we cannot recite Basmalah when reciting beginning of surah Tawbah?
1) The content of Surah Tawbah doesn’t talk about Allah’s mercy as it has Allah’s order to fight the disbelievers.
2) It was not recited by Prophet sallallahu alaihi wa sallam
What is the ruling on reciting Basmalah in between the Surah?
It is Mustahaab (liked)
If in this case , the ayah starts with Allah’s name, prophets or the mu’ minion
Beacause scholars say that it is quite impolite that just after Sahaytaan’s name we say Allah’s name
Optional case to stop reading the Qur’an?
After hearing the Adhaan
What are the ways of saying Istia’dah and Basmalah?
There are 4 ways–
1) Qat Al Jamee’ - Cutting all the three
2) Waslul Jamee’- Joining all the three
3) Waslul Basmalah bis surah- cutting Istia’dah and joining the other two
4) Waslul Istia’dah bil Basmalah - joining Istia’dah and Basmalah
What are the ways of reading basmalah in between two surahs when they are in order?
1) Qat al Kullu- cutting all the three
2) Waslul kullu- joining all the three ( vowel cannot be dropped)
3) Waslul Basmalah bi awwalis- surah–joining basmalah and beginning of the Surah
4) Not allowed to join last ayah of a surah with Basmalah and then next surah
What are the ways of reading basmalah in between two surahs when they are not in order?
There are 2 ways –
1) Qat al Jamee’
2) Qat al awwal wa athaani bi- thaalith — joining basmalah and 1st ayah of next surah with a breathe after previous surah
What are the two ways of reading surah Tawbah?
1) Qat al Jamee’
2) Waslul Jamee’
Rulings on saying Basmalah in the middle of surah Tawbah?
There are 2 opinions —
1) Some scholars say we can read Basmalah after istiadah
2) Some scholars say we can skip Basmalah ( because it is surah Tawbah)
It is better to read basmalah when starting with Allah’s name or Rasool’s name etc
How should one read surah Tawbah if she is doing Hifdh?
Only Qat al Jamee’
Not waslul jamee’
How should one read surah Tawbah after reading any Surah before surah Tawbah?
There are 3 ways —
1) Waqf- completely stop
2) As-sakt - giving a short pause without a breathe
3) Al-wasl- joining
What is Lahn?
Mistakes or deviation from correctness in reading the Qur’an
What are the two categories of Lahn ?
1) Lahnun jalee-un zaahir-un
2) Lahnun khafi-un
What is Lahnun jalee-un zaahir-un?
CLEAR MISTAKES
1) Affects the accuracy of reading , might or might affect the meaning
2) can be detected by anyone.For eg changing from ت to ط
3) Adding a letter like و or ه / dropping a letter
4) Changing fathah to kasarah or kasarah to fathah
5) Making mistakes while starting the reading or stopping the reading
Is Salah valid with Lahn e jalee in surah Fatiha?
Acc to most of the scholars the salah is invalid
Because surah Fatihah is the rukan ( pillar) of the Salah
Is it allowed to read Quran with Lahn e jalee?
It is prohibited
What can be the reasons for Lahn e jalee?
Reasons can be
1) Lack of knowledge of Arabic grammar
2) Weakness since childhood
3) Reader is a non Arab
What is Lahnun khafi-un mustatir-un ?
Hidden mistakes
What are the types of Lahnun khafi-un mustatir-un?
2 types –
1) Lahn e khafee
2) Lahn Ikhfaa min Al khafee
What is Lahn e khafee?
Dropping one of the Tajweed rule
The one who is knowledgeable of Quran reading can point out these mistakes
Can someone doing Lahn e khafee continuously be a sinner?
Yes
Example of Lahn e khafee?
Reading ر heavily or lightly ( does not change the meaning)
What is Lahn Ikhfaa min Al khafee?
More hidden of the hidden mistakes
What happens during lahn Ikhfaa min Al khafee?
1) Rulings are not dropped
2) Meanings are not changed
Who can point out Lahn Ikhfaa min Al khafee?
Very proficient Quran reader
Examples of Lahn Ikhfaa min Al khafee?
1) Instead of giving 4 counts 3 counts are given
2) Lam ل is always read light except the name of Allah
3) Not giving the rights of dammah and kasarah
4) Not giving trilling sound when reading ر
