Chapter 1

Question 1

John Locke

Answer 1

English Philosopher who introduced the idea of natural rights and the social contract

Question 2

Social Contract

Answer 2

A theory that individuals consent to surrender some freedoms to a government in exchange for the protection of their remaining rights

Question 3

Inalienable Rights

Answer 3

Rights that cannot be surrendered, sold, or transferred
- Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness

Question 4

Stamp Act of 1765

Answer 4

A British tax imposed on the American colonies that required a tax stamp on printed materials, sparking protest.

Question 5

Boston Tea Party

Answer 5

A protest against British taxation where American colonists dumped British tea into Boston Harbor in 1773.

Question 6

Intolerable Acts

Answer 6

A series of punitive measures passed by the British Parliament in 1774 in response to the Boston Tea Party.

Question 7

Second Continental Congress

Answer 7

Convened in 1775, it managed the colonial war effort and moved toward independence, adopting the Declaration of Independence in 1776.

Question 8

Declaration of Independence

Answer 8

Document declaring the American colonies independent from Britain, primarily authored by Thomas Jefferson.

Question 9

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 9

Main Author of the DOI

Question 10

Constitutional Republic

Answer 10

A form of government in which officials are elected to represent the people and must govern according to existing constitutional law.

Question 11

George Washington

Answer 11

Commander in Chief of the Revolutionary Army.
President of the Constitutional Convention.
First President of the United States.

Question 12

Articles of Confederation

Answer 12

The first constitution of the United States, creating a weak central government, which was eventually replaced by the U.S. Constitution.

Question 13

Shay’s Rebellion

Answer 13

A 1786 revolt by Massachusetts farmers against tax policies and economic injustices, highlighting the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.

Question 14

Constitutional Convention

Answer 14

The 1787 meeting in Philadelphia where the U.S. Constitution was drafted.

Question 15

James Madison

Answer 15

Main author of the Constitution, known as the “father of the constitution”

Question 16

Virginia Plan

Answer 16

Proposal for a strong national government with representation based on state population

Question 17

New Jersey Plan

Answer 17

A proposal for a unicameral legislature with equal representation for all states.

Question 18

Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise)

Answer 18

An agreement providing for a two-house legislature with proportional representation in the House and equal representation in the Senate.

Question 19

Executive Branch

Answer 19

The branch of government responsible for enforcing laws; headed by the President.

Question 20

Legislative Branch

Answer 20

The branch of government responsible for making laws; composed of Congress
(House of Representatives and Senate).

Question 21

Judicial Branch

Answer 21

The branch of government responsible for interpreting laws and administering justice.

Question 22

Three-Fifths Compromise

Answer 22

An agreement that slaves would be counted as three-fifths of a person for determining representation and taxation.

Question 23

Federalists

Answer 23

Supporters of the constitution who favored a strong central government

Question 24

Anti-Federalists

Answer 24

Opponents of the Constitution who favored stronger state governments

Question 25

Federalist Papers

Answer 25

A series of essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay advocating for the ratification of the U.S. Constitution.