chapter 1

Question 1

four reasons of increasing elderly people

Answer 1

1. high birthrate
2. high number of births
3. decline in childhood death rate
4. increased life expectancy

Question 2

what is aging

Answer 2

irreversible type of developmental change

Question 3

3 types of development changes

Answer 3

1. development
2. maturation
3. aging

Question 4

what is biological aging?

Answer 4

changes in the physical structures and functioning of the body that affects a person’s ability to survive and or their appearance

Question 5

what do cells do?

Answer 5

1. produce the substance of the body
2. perform all of the body’s functions

Question 6

what is homeostasis?

Answer 6

steady conditions required for life

Question 7

three steps of negative feedback

Answer 7

1. detecting deviation from homeostasis
2. informing the body to correct the problem
3. adjusting to restore normal condition

Question 8

two ways aging affects homeostasis

Answer 8

1. more rapid/extreme alterations
2. reduced functioning of negative feedback

Question 9

types of aging

Answer 9

biological
chronological
cosmetic
social
psychological
economic

Question 10

chronological aging

Answer 10

the passage of time

Question 11

cosmetic aging

Answer 11

changes in appearance

Question 12

social aging

Answer 12

changes in interaction with others

Question 13

psychological aging

Answer 13

changes that affect thinking and behavior

Question 14

economic aging

Answer 14

changes in financial status

Question 15

why does disease often accompany aging?

Answer 15

1. loss of homeostasis
2. some diseases progress slowly
3. likelihood and frequency of exposure to disease-promoting factors increases

Question 16

two basic methods of studying biological aging

Answer 16

1. cross-sectional: compares the average characteristics of people from different age categories
2. longitudinal: follows the characteristics of a group of people of a particular age over time