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ANIMAL HEALTH CARE > CHAPTER 1 > Flashcards

CHAPTER 1 Flashcards

1
Q

any harmful deviation from the normal structural or functional state of an organism, generally associated with certain signs and symptoms and differing in nature from physical injury

A

Disease

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2
Q

The study of disease is called ?

A

pathology

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3
Q

Pathology - it involves the determination of the cause (_____) of the disease.

A

Etiology

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4
Q

It is the understanding of the mechanisms of its development ____

A

Pathogenesis

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5
Q

it involves the determination of the cause (etiology) of the disease, the understanding of the mechanisms of its development (pathogenesis), the structural changes associated with the disease process (morphological changes), and the functional consequences of those changes

A

Pathology

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6
Q

The normal state of an organism represents a condition of delicate physiological balance ____

A

homeostasis

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7
Q

____ is defined as a self-regulating process by which a living organism can maintain internal stability while adjusting to changing external conditions

A

Homeostasis

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8
Q

What are the classification of diseases?

A

• Infectious diseases,
• Non infectious diseases
• According to Etiology
• According to contagiousness or transmissibility to:
• According to Course of the disease to
• According to pattern of occurrence

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9
Q

What are the Classification of diseases according to etiology?

A

> Viral, ASF, Rabies, CRD, FMD
bacterial & fungal , Tetanus, Leptospirosis, Anthrax. T.B
parasitic diseases,
Multifactorial

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10
Q

It is a group of diseases resulting from invasion of the animal body by infectious biological or pathogenic agents as bacteria, virus, yeast and fungi.

A

Infectious diseases

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11
Q

Is that disease resulting from environmental condition, as
• bad ventilation or faults in animal housing or
• mechanical, physical or chemical agents,
• metabolic disorder and nutritional deficiency.

A

Non infectious diseases

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12
Q

A diseases in which occur transmission of causative agent or its products from reservoirs to susceptible host by direct and indirect transmission.

A

Contagious disease

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13
Q

It’s directly as by direct contact or by droplet infection. Indirectly through an intermediate plant or animal
host, vectors or inanimate materials.

A

Contagious disease

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14
Q

Give an example of contagious diseases

A

foot & mouth disease, cattle plaque

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15
Q

Infectious diseases in which occur transfer of infectious agent and its product from reservoir into susceptible host by indirect methods

A

Non contagious disease

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16
Q

Give an example of non - contagious diseases

A

Biting Rabies, Wounds, Tetanus and Insect born, Bluetongue, rift valley fever

17
Q

What are the courses of the disease?

A

•Peracute
•Acute
•Subacute
•Chronic

18
Q

It is very rapid in their course (few hours or
days) as anthrax & most of clostridial diseases

A

Peracute

19
Q

They have short course but more longer than peracute (few days-1-2 week) as colibacillosis, FMD , three day sickness & Strangles

A

Acute

20
Q

Their course is less than acute (few weeks)

A

Subacute

21
Q

A course is extended over a long period (months or years) due to slow growth of M.O inside the host body as T.B

A

Chronic

22
Q

What are the pattern of occurrence in diseases?

A

•Sporadic disease
•Endemic or enzootic disease
•Epidemic or epizootic disease
•Pandemic disease

23
Q

Diseases appear in individual cases & appear without regularity in a population unit due to that the infection exists in the population and only occasionally some animals exhibited signs of the disease

A

Sporadic disease

24
Q

A disease which occurs with predictable regularity in a population unit with minor fluctuation in its frequency pattern over the time.

A

Endemic or enzootic disease

25
Q

Give an example for endemic or enzootic disease

A

FMD, Fascioliasis, RVF

26
Q

Group of the diseases that occur by an accidental level in the population & affecting many animals and rapidly spread.

A

Epidemic or epizootic disease

27
Q

Give an example for epidemic or epizootic disease

A

Birds flu, chicungunia

28
Q

It is a very large scale epidemic usually involving several countries over a wide geographic region at the same time.

A

Pandemic disease

29
Q

Give an example of Pandemic disease

A

Bovine TV, Brucellosis

30
Q

Spread of disease
Infectious diseases can be spread by:

A
  1. Direct contact between animals.
  2. Germs in feed and water.
  3. By faeces and urine from sick animals.
  4. By flies, ticks, lice and fleas.
  5. By dirty housing or shelters.
31
Q

Preventing infectious diseases:

A
  1. Animals, like humans, must be clean in order to be healthy. The animal must be provided with clean feed, water, bedding and shelter.
  2. Sick animals should be kept separate from the others.
  3. Some diseases can be cured by drugs.
  4. Vaccination can protect animals against some diseases.
  5. Dead animals and waste should be disposed of.
32
Q

The __________ may not be recognized as a disease.
The affected animals may not die but will not produce as much milk, meat or wool, or work as well as could be expected.

A

chronic non-infectious disease

33
Q

_______ generally are long-lasting and progress slowly, and thus they are sometimes also referred to as _____

A

Noncommunicable diseases
Chronic diseases

34
Q

Give an example four major types of noncommunicable

A

• cancer, cardiovascular disease
> heart attack, stroke
• chronic respiratory disease
> asthma, and diabetes mellitus.

35
Q

_________ diseases are those transmitted from one organism to another.

A

Communicable, or contagious

36
Q

_____ are diseases caused in the host by infection with living, and therefore replicating, microorganisms, such as animal parasites, bacteria, fungi, or viruses.

A

Infectious diseases

37
Q

____ are a leading cause of death

A

Infectious diseases

ANIMAL HEALTH CARE (5 decks)

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