Chapter 1 Flashcards
Terms for Indigenous America
3 Sisters
Corn, Beans, and Squash
(Made first American agricultural civilizations)
Mesoamerica
Currently,
* Mexico/Central America
* Grew Corn
* Pop. centers developed via migration from this place
* Histories on plant-derived textiles in stone
Chaco Canyon
- Puebloan culture centered here
- Collapsed by the 13th century via overirrigation, deforestation, and drought
- Domesticated turkeys, extensive trading networks
Cahokia
- Largest city, center of an empire built on
1. Complex Alliances
2. Warfare
3. Slavery based on lack of kinship networks of captured slaves
Major Trading Hub
(Being near major rivers)
Mississippian
The culture of Cahokia
- Mass development in agricultural tech = explosive society growth
- Large groups/Hierarchical settlements
Lenape/”Delawares”
Culture = Typical
- Matrilineal with dispersed authority
- Conflict managed through alliances
- Diversified foodways
Potlatch
Social organization centered on feasts
1. Births
2. Weddings
3. Social Status
- Dispersed goods, prevented inequality
The more food given away, the better you are
Encomienda “Land Grant”
System of collective forced labor to exploit the Natives
- decimated pop. for 2 gens
- Made by Spanish colonizers
- Usually used to help with sugar plantations
- Slaves were not personally owned, property
- terrorized the population into submission
Sugar
Was a widely profitable item in Europe
- Cultivated due to Portugal pioneering colonial settlements
Tenochtitlan
Pop. of ~200,000
Center of The Empire
Crops grown on Chinampas
Taino/ “Arawaks”
Encountered by Columbus in the Bahamas
- Had military detachment to find Taino gold
Herman Cortes
Exploited Aztec weaknesses, smallpox, and military tech
- Spaniard
- Took over Tenochtitlan
Smallpox
Disease that swept the Inca Empire and the Natives
The Inca Empire
An empire that was conquered by Pizarro and was destroyed by diseases (smallpox).
- Pop was destroyed in half (12 to 6M)
Pizarro
Conquered the Inca Empire
- Inspired by Cortes
