Chapter 1

Question 1

What is the study of behavior and mental processes?

Answer 1

Psychology

Question 2

What are the 2 goals of psychology?

Answer 2

To accurately describe and explain the ways people think, feel, and behave, and to improve the welfare of humanity

Question 3

What is the main difference between a Psychiatrist and a Psychologist?

Answer 3

Psychiatrist can prescribe medications. Psychologist cannot.

Question 4

How many Major perspectives are there in Psychology? Name them.

Answer 4

5. Psychoanalytic, Behaviorist, Cognitive, Humanist, Biological

Question 5

Psychoanalytic names and what it emphasizes.

Answer 5

Sigmund and Anna Freud. Emphasizes the unconscious mind, memories, and impact on daily lives

Question 6

Behaviorist names and what it emphasizes

Answer 6

Watson and Skinner. Emphasizes observable behavior: environmental

Question 7

Cognitive names and what it emphasizes

Answer 7

Piaget and Ellis. Emphasizes thinking, problem solving, and mental processes

Question 8

Humanist names and what it emphasizes

Answer 8

Maslow and Rodges. Emphasizes free will, and the human ability to change or improve our lives

Question 9

Biological name and what it emphasizes

Answer 9

Alzheimer. Emphasizes chemistry and the structure of the brain and body as well as genetics.

Question 10

What is the number of people in a study and how is it written?

Answer 10

Sample size. N=x

Question 11

What is used to establish cause and effect relationships?

Answer 11

Experimental Research

Question 12

What is expected to cause a change in another variable?

Answer 12

Independent variable

Question 13

What variable is expected to change?

Answer 13

Dependent variable

Question 14

What receives no treatment?

Answer 14

Control group

Question 15

What receives the independent variable?

Answer 15

Experimental group

Question 16

What receives a treatment, but not the independent variable?

Answer 16

Placebo group

Question 17

What can experimental research methods do that non-experimental research methods cannot?

Answer 17

Establish cause and effect relationships

Question 18

What is an in-depth study of an individual or small group that is unique

Answer 18

Case study

Question 19

What is analyzing existing records to test a theory?

Answer 19

Archival research

Question 20

What is used to establish if a relationship exists between 2 or more variables? (NOT CAUSE AND EFFECT RELATIONSHIPS)

Answer 20

Correlation research

Question 21

Positive and negative correlations?

Answer 21

Direction

Question 22

What tells the strength of the relationship between variables?

Answer 22

Correlation coefficient

Question 23

Variable A: Hi-scores
Variable B: Hi-scores

Answer 23

Positive Correlation

Question 24

Variable A: Hi-scores
Variable B: low-scores

Answer 24

Negative Correlation

Question 25

Ranges from 0-1

Answer 25

Positive correlation

Question 26

Ranges from 0-(-1)

Answer 26

Negative correlation

Question 27

2 Data collection techniques

Answer 27

Standardized tests and naturalistic observation