chapter 1 Flashcards
name and explain the three basic things that the universe is made of
matter intelligence energy matter:a substance that has volume energy:holds everything together and enables any process to happen intelligence: the wisdom of God or his creatures that makes things work in an orderly and beautiful way
how is an atom arranged
protons and neutrons are in the nucleolus and the electrons are in a larger region surrounding the nucleolus
describe the three subatomic particles
neutron heaviest with no charge proton middle with a positive charge electron smallest negative charge
describe John daltons model
he theorized that everything was made of invisible atoms as Democritus had said Dalton went on to say that atoms combine together in whole number ratios to form the compounds that different substances are made of tinny inadvisable particles
describe JJ Thompson’s model
the plum pudding is a cloud of positively charged material with thousands of negatively charged particles imbedded in it
describe Rutherford’s model
a tiny nucleolus containing the positive charge and almost all the mass negative electrons surrounding the nucleolus most of the atom is empty space
describe Neils Bohr’s model
the quantum model electrons reside in orbitals of various shapes nested around the nucleolus
what is an orbital
a cloud looking layered thingy that electrons subside in
describe the QUANTUM model
Quantum model places the electrons in orbitals rather than orbit the quantum model describes the shapes of all orbitals these rules are the heart of chemistry of them which is all about how the electrons and atoms interact with each other Is
state Democritus’s contribution to the atomic theory
Democritus lived in the 5th Century BC and proposed that everything was made of tiny indivisible particles the word atom comes from the Greek word meaning invisible for over 2,000 years after Democritus nothing much happened to further our understanding of atoms
state James Chadwick’s contribution to the atomic theory
James Chadwick discovered the neutron scientists already knew nearly all of the atoms Mass was in the nucleus along with the positive charge but what they knew about the mass and charge Molecules didn’t match up until Chadwick demonstrated that there were electrically neutral particles also in the nucleus
