Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is the term used for the procedure of introducing exogenous donor DNA into a recipient cell?
The procedure for introducing exogenous donor DNA into a recipient cell is called Transfection.
Why are chromosomes rarely taken up efficiently during the transfection procedure?
Chromosomes are taken up inefficiently during the transfection procedure, so intact chromosomes rarely survive; instead, the recipient cell usually gets a part of the DNA.
What advancement has made it possible to introduce a particular segment of DNA?
The advent of recombinant DNA has made it possible to introduce a particular segment of DNA.
What issue is still present with the stability of new inserts introduced by recombinant DNA?
There are still some problems with the stability of the new inserts, referred to as transient transfectants.
What is an exciting development of transfection techniques?
An exciting development of transfection techniques is the application of DNA technology to introduce genes into animals.
How is an animal described that gains new genetic information from the addition of foreign DNA?
An animal that gains new genetic information from the addition of foreign DNA is described as transgenic.
What is the introduced DNA called in a transgenic animal?
The introduced DNA is called the transgene.
Into which part of fertilized eggs are the transgenes introduced by injection?
The transgenes are introduced into the pronuclei of fertilized eggs by injection.
What are the two methods used to develop the injected embryos?
injected embryos are incubated in vitro or implanted into the uterus of a pseudopregnant female for subsequent development.
What is a pronucleus?
pronucleus is the haploid nucleus of a male or female gamete.
a short time after fertilization, how do the male and female pronuclei exist?
For a short time after fertilization, the male pronucleus and female pronucleus exist separately.
What happens to a part of the germinal vesicle during the maturing of the ovum preparatory to impregnation?
During the maturing of the ovum preparatory to impregnation, a part of the germinal vesicle becomes converted into a number of small vesicles, which aggregate themselves into a single clear nucleus.
What is the single clear nucleus that travels towards the center of the egg called?
The single clear nucleus that travels towards the center of the egg is called the female pronucleus.
