Chapter 1

Question 1

‘Monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force’

Answer 1

Max Weber; defines a state as a human community that claims territory. Emphasis what the state does

Question 2

Feudalism

Answer 2

Decentralized system of government that dominated 500-1500
Public power in private possession
Land was given in exchange for power through military leverage

Question 3

Hobbs

Answer 3

When there is no state that is formed there can be no peace because nothing is stopping people from hurting each other.

Sovereignty therefore implies authority to prevail over jurisdiction

Question 4

Leviathan

Answer 4

The peace published outlining Hobbes argument for establishing state sovereignty



Question 5

Peace of Westphalia

Answer 5

Independent states that have responsibility for their own state

The
End of the 80 years war- outlined the modern state

Coexistence states that recognize other state sovereignty

Religious freedom 

Question 6

‘ the only legitimate foundation for sovereign statehood’

Answer 6

The people


Question 7

Hegemony

Answer 7

Influence, great power over smaller states

Leadership and dominance from one country over another.

Military political, economic pop-culture 

Question 8

Great power

Answer 8

The most important role is to give structure to international politics

You must look at the space, a country occupies the quantity and quality of land in the combatants of the military organization and arms forces

The most important role of a great power is to preserve international order

Question 9

Realism

Answer 9

POWER

Conflict is inevitable in international relations, war is the decisive means of settling issues.

Avoid wishful thinking, treats international politics with how they are, and not how they wish they would be.

Question 10

Hans j Morgenthau

Answer 10

Six rules
1. politics is governed by objective laws which have roots in human nature.
2. Politics is all about power
3. Concept of interest to find us power is universally valid contact
4. Political realism is aware of the moral significance of political action.
5. Political realism, refuses to identify the moral aspirations of a particular nation with the moral principles that govern the universe.
6. policy must come out of political analysis. 

Question 11

System= structure + interested units

Answer 11

Structure is made up of three components

What is ordering principle, either hierarchy or anarchy?

Depreciation of states

Distribution of capabilities- underline primary function to produce their own security

Question 12

Security dilemma

Answer 12

Providing the ones on security, can inverse the seven sense of insecurity by states

If one state militarizes the others will to in respons which is a dangerous borrow that can lead to every state feeling more insecure.

Question 13

Liberalism

Answer 13

Political philosophy of modern West

Basically a perfect society in theory

Philosophy based on the rights of the individuals liberty.

Question 14

Kent perpetual peace

Answer 14

War not peace is the natural state, therefore peace must be established

The ruler of a state must be a citizen of the Republic



Question 15

Utopian thinking

Answer 15

Aspires to a world without war, where power is not the primary determinant of relationships.

Question 16

National self determination

Answer 16

The process by which a group of people usually possess in a certain degree of national consciousness, forms their own state, and chooses their own government

Evolved as a byproduct of the doctrine of nationalism. In World War I, the allies excepted self determination as a piece aim, Woodrow Wilson, listed self-determination as an important objective for the postwar world. The result was the fragmentation of the old Austria, Hungarian and ottoman empires, and Russians, former Baltic nations to turn into new states.

Question 17

Appeasement

Answer 17

Pacifying an aggressive country through the negotiations, in order to prevent war

Most relevant example is Britain towards fascist Italy in Nazi Germany in the 1930s .

Question 18

Balfour declaration

Answer 18

The statement of british support for the establishment and Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people.

Written from British born secretary, Arthur Balfour, to Lionel Walter Rothschild.

Question 19

Three images of war?

Answer 19

Human nature, the state, anarchy.

Human nature: the evilness of man, or the improper behavior, leads to war; individual goodness if it could be universalize would mean peace 

The state: a democratic state does not equal peace

Anarchy,: the absence of authority

Question 20

“Nothing but continuation of political intercourse”

Question 21

Fourteen points

Answer 21

A declaration by President Woodrow Wilson during World War I outlining the proposals for postwar peace.

 In 1918, Germany requested an armistice based on the 14 points through the armistice the treaty of Versailles did not adhere to the idealistic 14 points. Go the 14 points weren’t adopted. The principles were influence, leader, the world order and establish the UN.

Question 22

Anarchy

Answer 22

The absence of any authority superior to the nation state in capable of arbitration, their disputes and enforceing international law

Question 23

UN charter

Answer 23

Near constitutional status of interstate systems
Defines acceptable conduct for government
- has the capacity to make status mandatory
Includes: essential obligations that government owe to one another, international human right

Question 24

‘Sovereign equality of all its members’

Answer 24

Article 2 of UN charter

Everything that happens in the UN must treat all members equality

All members have the same rights under the law

Question 25

Security council

Answer 25

One of the 6 main organ of the UN
Maintains international peace
Meets whenever peace is threatened
All members must abide by the rules made by the council

Question 26

WTO

Answer 26

World trade organization
Made to increase trade, decrease Hyperinflation
World health benefits from trade
A society is better off with trade, even if a internal economy suffers
WTO is not popular in Ames Iowa

Question 27

Brenton woods

Answer 27

New Hampshire

UN monetary conference
Laid the foundation for post war economic order
Fixed rate

Question 28

Cold War

Answer 28

Conflict between the US and Soviet Union
Dealt with nuclear arms and security internationally
Spread of communism

Question 29

Truman doctrine

Answer 29

U.S. aided Turkey and Greece military as a response to soviet aggression
Soviet Union sought to take advantage of a post war Europe
Communism seemed appealing in post war Europe

Question 30

Marshall plans

Answer 30

Economic reconstruction in Europe
Robust economy = politically stable
Large scale loans
Offered to the Soviet’s as like a low key joke