Chapter 1 Flashcards
‘Monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force’
Max Weber; defines a state as a human community that claims territory. Emphasis what the state does
Feudalism
Decentralized system of government that dominated 500-1500
Public power in private possession
Land was given in exchange for power through military leverage
Hobbs
When there is no state that is formed there can be no peace because nothing is stopping people from hurting each other.
Sovereignty therefore implies authority to prevail over jurisdiction
Leviathan
The peace published outlining Hobbes argument for establishing state sovereignty

Peace of Westphalia
Independent states that have responsibility for their own state
The
End of the 80 years war- outlined the modern state
Coexistence states that recognize other state sovereignty
Religious freedom 
‘ the only legitimate foundation for sovereign statehood’
The people

Hegemony
Influence, great power over smaller states
Leadership and dominance from one country over another.
Military political, economic pop-culture 
Great power
The most important role is to give structure to international politics
You must look at the space, a country occupies the quantity and quality of land in the combatants of the military organization and arms forces
The most important role of a great power is to preserve international order
Realism
POWER
Conflict is inevitable in international relations, war is the decisive means of settling issues.
Avoid wishful thinking, treats international politics with how they are, and not how they wish they would be.
Hans j Morgenthau
Six rules
1. politics is governed by objective laws which have roots in human nature.
2. Politics is all about power
3. Concept of interest to find us power is universally valid contact
4. Political realism is aware of the moral significance of political action.
5. Political realism, refuses to identify the moral aspirations of a particular nation with the moral principles that govern the universe.
6. policy must come out of political analysis. 
System= structure + interested units
Structure is made up of three components
What is ordering principle, either hierarchy or anarchy?
Depreciation of states
Distribution of capabilities- underline primary function to produce their own security
Security dilemma
Providing the ones on security, can inverse the seven sense of insecurity by states
If one state militarizes the others will to in respons which is a dangerous borrow that can lead to every state feeling more insecure.
Liberalism
Political philosophy of modern West
Basically a perfect society in theory
Philosophy based on the rights of the individuals liberty.
Kent perpetual peace
War not peace is the natural state, therefore peace must be established
The ruler of a state must be a citizen of the Republic

Utopian thinking
Aspires to a world without war, where power is not the primary determinant of relationships.
National self determination
The process by which a group of people usually possess in a certain degree of national consciousness, forms their own state, and chooses their own government
Evolved as a byproduct of the doctrine of nationalism. In World War I, the allies excepted self determination as a piece aim, Woodrow Wilson, listed self-determination as an important objective for the postwar world. The result was the fragmentation of the old Austria, Hungarian and ottoman empires, and Russians, former Baltic nations to turn into new states.
Appeasement
Pacifying an aggressive country through the negotiations, in order to prevent war
Most relevant example is Britain towards fascist Italy in Nazi Germany in the 1930s .
Balfour declaration
The statement of british support for the establishment and Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people.
Written from British born secretary, Arthur Balfour, to Lionel Walter Rothschild.
Three images of war?
Human nature, the state, anarchy.
Human nature: the evilness of man, or the improper behavior, leads to war; individual goodness if it could be universalize would mean peace 
The state: a democratic state does not equal peace
Anarchy,: the absence of authority
“Nothing but continuation of political intercourse”
Fourteen points
A declaration by President Woodrow Wilson during World War I outlining the proposals for postwar peace.
 In 1918, Germany requested an armistice based on the 14 points through the armistice the treaty of Versailles did not adhere to the idealistic 14 points. Go the 14 points weren’t adopted. The principles were influence, leader, the world order and establish the UN.
Anarchy
The absence of any authority superior to the nation state in capable of arbitration, their disputes and enforceing international law
UN charter
Near constitutional status of interstate systems
Defines acceptable conduct for government
- has the capacity to make status mandatory
Includes: essential obligations that government owe to one another, international human right
‘Sovereign equality of all its members’
Article 2 of UN charter
Everything that happens in the UN must treat all members equality
All members have the same rights under the law
Security council
One of the 6 main organ of the UN
Maintains international peace
Meets whenever peace is threatened
All members must abide by the rules made by the council
WTO
World trade organization
Made to increase trade, decrease Hyperinflation
World health benefits from trade
A society is better off with trade, even if a internal economy suffers
WTO is not popular in Ames Iowa
Brenton woods
New Hampshire
UN monetary conference
Laid the foundation for post war economic order
Fixed rate
Cold War
Conflict between the US and Soviet Union
Dealt with nuclear arms and security internationally
Spread of communism
Truman doctrine
U.S. aided Turkey and Greece military as a response to soviet aggression
Soviet Union sought to take advantage of a post war Europe
Communism seemed appealing in post war Europe
Marshall plans
Economic reconstruction in Europe
Robust economy = politically stable
Large scale loans
Offered to the Soviet’s as like a low key joke
