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Exercise Physiology Exam 1 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Outer connective tissue of skeletal muscles?

A

Epimysium

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2
Q

Connective tissue surrounding the fasciculi?

A

Perimysium

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3
Q

Tissue that covers individual muscle fibers?

A

Endomysium

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4
Q

What does the sarcolemma include?

A

Plasmalemma & Basement membrane

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5
Q

What does the plasmalemma fuse with?

A

Tendons

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6
Q

Where do satellite cells reside?

A

Between the plasmalemma & the basement membrane

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7
Q

The Sarcoplasm involves:

A

Transverse tubules and sarcoplasmic reticulum

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8
Q

Sarcoplasmic reticulum stores?

A

Calcium ions (Ca2+)

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9
Q

Thick Filaments are comprised of?

A

Myosin

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10
Q

Thin filaments are comprised of?

A

Actin, tropomyosin, and troponin

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11
Q

Excitation

A

Contraction coupling

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12
Q

Role of calcium in the muscle fiber

A

Action potentials travel down T-tubules to the cell interior and stimulate the SR to release calcium, which activates the contraction process

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13
Q

Sliding filament theory:

A
  1. Ca2+ binds to troponin on actin
  2. Troponin moves tropomyosin off binding sites
  3. Myosin head binds to sites
  4. Myosin head tilts (requires ATP)
  5. Actin is dragged along
  6. Myosin breaks away & binds to a new site
  7. Calcium returns to the SR, contraction stops
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14
Q

What creates the energy for muscle contraction?

A

ATP binds with myosin

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15
Q

What must happen for muscle relaxation to occur?

A

The return of calcium to the SR

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16
Q

Type 1 Muscle Fiber

A
  • slow twitch
  • high aerobic endurance
  • fatigue resistant
17
Q

Type II Muscle Fiber

A
  • fast twitch
  • anaerobic
  • generates greater force + power
  • fatigue prone
18
Q

Determinants of fiber type?

A

Genetics, alpha-motor neuron innervations, long-term training

19
Q

Muscle fiber recruitment

A
  • activating more motor units = more force
  • depends on the force required
  • smaller motor units are recruited first (type I before type II)
20
Q

3 Types of Muscle Contractions

A
  1. Concentric
  2. Static
  3. Eccentric
21
Q

Rate Coding

A

Frequency of stimulation

Exercise Physiology Exam 1 (6 decks)

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