Chapter 1 Flashcards
Psychological assessment
The gathering and integration of psychology-related data for the purpose of making a psychological evaluation that is accomplished through the use of tools such as tests, interviews, case studies, behavioral observation, and specifically designed apparatuses and measurement procedures
Psychological testing
The process of measuring psychology-related variables be means of devices or procedures designed to obtain a sample of behavior
Educational assessment
The use of tests and other tools to evaluate abilities and skills relevant to success or failure in a school context
Retrospective assessment
The use of evaluative tools to draw conclusions about psychological aspects of a person as they existed at some point in time prior to the assessment
Remote assessment
The use of tools of psychological evaluation to gather data and draw conclusions about a subject who is not in physical proximity to the person or people conducting the evaluation
Ecological momentary assessment (EMA)
The “ in the moment” evaluation of specific problems and related cognitive and behavioral variables at the exact time and place that they occur
Collaborative psychological assessment
Assessor and assessee work as partners from initial contact through final feedback
Therapeutic psychological assessment
Type of collaborative assessment, aims to be helpful throughout the assessment process, results shared immediately so assessor and assessee can co-develop an interpretation of the results and decide what questions require further assessment
Dynamic assessment
An interactive approach to psychological assessment that follows a model of 1- evaluation 2- intervention 3- evaluation
Test
Measuring device or procedure
Psychological test
A device or procedure designed to measure variables related to psychology
Format
The form, plan, structure, arrangement, and layout of test items, related considerations such as time limits, form in which test is administered (computer, pencil and paper, etc)
Score
A code or summary statement, often numerical, that reflects an evaluation of performance on a sample of behavior
Scoring
The process of assigning such evaluative codes or statements to performance on behavior samples
Cut score
A reference point, usually numerical, derived by judgement and used to divide a set of data into two or more classifications, some action or inference made on the basis of these classifications
Psychometric soundness
Technical quality
Psychometrics
Science of psychological measurement
Psychometrist/psychometrician
Professional who uses, analyzes, and interprets psychological test data
Utility
Usefulness or practical value that a test or tool of assessment has for a particular purpose
Interview
A method of gathering information through direct communication involving reciprocal exchange
Panel interview
More than one interviewer participates in the assessment
Motivational interviewing
A therapeutic dialogue that combines person-centered listening skills such as openness and empathy with the use of cognition-altering techniques designed to positively affect motivation and effect therapeutic change
Portfolio
Work products, samples of one’s ability and accomplishment
Case history data
Records, transcripts, and other accounts that preserve information, data, and items relevant to an assessee
Case study
A report or illustrative account concerning a person or event that was compiled on the basis of case history data
Behavioral observation
Monitoring the actions of others or oneself by visual or electronic means while recording information regarding those actions
Naturalistic observation
Behavioral observation in the setting in which the behavior would typically be expected to occur
Role play
Acting an improvised part in a simulated situation
Role-play test
Tool of assessment wherein assessees are directed to act as if they were in a particular situation
Simple scoring report
Listing of scores
Extended scoring report
Includes statistical analyses of testtaker’s performance
Interpretive report
Includes numerical or narrative interpretive statements
Consultative report
Provides expert opinion concerning analysis of the data
Integrative report
Employs previously collected data into the test report
CAT
Computer adaptive testing, computer tailors test to testtaker’s ability or test-taking pattern
CAPA
Computer-assisted psychological assessment, computer provides assistance to test user (not taker)
Psychological autopsy
A reconstruction of a deceased individual’s psychological profile on the basis of archival records, artifacts, and interviews previously conducted with the deceased assessee or people who knew the person well
Achievement test
Evaluates accomplishment or the degree of learning that has taken place
Diagnosis
A description or conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and opinion
Diagnostic test
A tool of assessment used to help narrow down and identify areas of deficit to be targeted for intervention
Informal evaluation
A non-systematic assessment that leads to the formation of an opinion or attitude
Quality of life
In QofL evaluations, assess variables related to perceived stress, loneliness, sources of satisfaction, personal values, quality of living conditions, quality of friendships and other social support
Dementia
Loss of cognitive functioning that occurs as the result of damage to or loss of brain cells
Pseudodementia
Cognitive functioning that mimics dementia, in elderly severe depression can contribute to
Health psychology
Discipline that focuses on understanding the role of psychological variables in the onset, course, treatment, and prevention of illness, disease, and disability
Protocol
Form, sheet, or booklet on which a testtaker’s responses are entered; or a description of a set of test or assessment related procedures
Rapport
Working relationship between examiner and examinee
Accommodation
The adaptation of a test, procedure, or situation, or the substitution of one test for another, to make the assessment more suitable for an assessee with exceptional needs`
Alternate assessment
An evaluative or diagnostic procedure or process that varies from the usual, customary, or standardized way a measurement is derived, either by virtue of some special accommodation made to the assessee or by means of alternative methods designed to measure the same variables
