Chapter 1 Flashcards
denotes the degree or grade by which a person, thing or other entity has a property or quality greater or less in extent than that of another.
Comparative
In a social sciences context, it refers to a specific methodology of analyzing similarities and contrasts amongst selected entities and defined variables.
Comparison
A police service is a public force empowered to enforce the law and to ensure public and social order through the legitimized use of force.
Police
refers to the actions taken by a police agency to fulfill a legal mandate of which the end result is maintenance of order and keeping the peace.
Policing
A combination of related elements that is functioning as a whole in order to achieve a single goal or objective.
System
Process of outlining the similarities and differences of one police system to another in order to discover insights in the field of international.
Comparative System in Policing
researcher visits another country.
Safari Method
researcher communicates with foreign researcher.
Collaborative Method
Theories of Police Service are?
Continental Theory
Home Rule Theory
General Concept of Police Service are?
Old Concept
New Concept
Policemen are considered servants of the higher authority and people have little or no share of all their duties, nor any direct connection with them.
Continental Theory
Policemen are considered servants of the community who depend for the effectiveness of their functions upon the express wishes of the people.
Home Rule Theory
Punishment is the role instrument of crime control-throwing more people to jail rather than keeping them out of jail.
Old Concept
The yardstick of efficiency of the police is the absence of crime. Its objective is the welfare of the people and the society.
New Concept
Traditional Policing Activities are?
1.Enforcing laws
2.Preserving the Peace
3.Preventing Crime
4.Protecting Rights and Liberties
5.Providing Other Services
Many new demands are made including giving information, intervening in domestic disputes, rendering emergency or recue services, controlling traffic and crowds, etc.
- In addition, many police agencies provide community education programs regarding crimes, drugs supply and demand reduction, public safety, and the like.
5.Providing Other Services
They are also expected to do so as specified by the Bill of Rights.
- The goals and methods of the police must promote individual liberty, public safety, and social justice. Some as the single most important goal of policing activities perceives protecting rights and liberties of the people.
4.Protecting Rights and Liberties
is closely related to law enforcement and peace preservation.
3.Preventing Crime
differs from peacekeeping and law enforcing in that it attempts to eliminate potentially dangerous situation.
- It is proactive.
- Preventing Crime
It is often undertaken by the police agency in working with juveniles,cooperating with probation and parole administrationand educating the public.
- Preventing Crime
The police are often called to intervene in non-criminal conduct such as those that which occurs at public events, in social relations, and in traffic control to maintain law and order. They often help people solve problems that the latter cannot cope alone.
- Preserving the Peace
Police must not only decide what laws to enforce, but they also must serve as an integral part of the criminal justice system, responsible for apprehending offenders and assisting in their prosecution.
1.Enforcing laws
has been a prime goal of policing activities. However, this goal has become increasingly complex.
1.Enforcing laws
Contemporary Goals of Policing Activities are?
1.Partnership with the Community
2.Problem-Solving Approach to Crime
focuses on determining the underlying causes of problems, including crime, and identifying solutions to problems identified. It is defined as organizational-wide strategy aimed at solving persistent community problems, and incidents”. Many law enforcement agencies have now combined problem-solving approach to crime and policing activities to address a broad range of crime problems and the quality-of-life issues associated with them.
2.Problem-Solving Approach to Crime
Police officers and their agencies may team-up with citizens, businesses, private policing enterprises, and the other law enforcement agencies to achieve the objectives of policing activities.
1.Partnership with the Community
Primary Functions of the Police Service are?
1.Administrative Service
2.Field Service
those functions that occur “behind the scenes”, away from the front line of police officers in the field. These services include clerical and technical support to manage the information needed and generated by those in field services
1.Administrative Service
are performed by one functional office, sometimes by a separate office and may be further specialized by the type of individual crime involves
2.Field Service
Field Service– are performed by one functional office, sometimes by a separate office and may be further specialized by the type of individual crime involves.
This includes the following:
Patrol
Traffic
Investigation
Community Service
Specialized officers
usually sixty to seventy percent of the police agencies’ police officers are assigned to it providing continuous police service and visibility. Tasks include calls for service, self-initiated activity, and administrative functions.
Patrol
is said to be the backbone of police operations.
Patrol
a well-rounded traffic program involves many activities designed to maintain order and safety in streets and highways. Traffic officers enforce traffic laws, direct and control traffic, and provide emergency assistance.
Traffic
has the responsibility to follow-up investigation. The success of any criminal investigation relies on the cooperative and coordinated efforts of both the patrol and investigative functions.
Investigation
in essence, every action of police officer affects community relations either positively or negatively. Many larger police agencies have separate community relations’ service to strengthen the communication channels and cooperation between the public and police agencies.
Community Service
in addition to the basic functions within the police agencies, larger agencies frequently train officers to perform highly specialized tasks that may include evidence technician, intelligence operatives, K-9 handlers, SWAT team members, bomb squad, etc.
Specialized officers
Types of Police Officers (US) are?
1.Uniformed officers
2.Detectives
3.State police and highway patrol officers
4.Fish and game wardens
5.Transit and railroad officers
6.Sheriffs
7.Special jurisdiction police
airport police are an example.
7.Special jurisdiction police
duties are of a COP
6.Sheriffs
responsible for patrolling public transportation areas like subways and trains or railways
5.Transit and railroad officers
tasked with enforcing the rules and regulations designed to protect wildlife
4.Fish and game wardens
often busy patrolling highways… sometimes referred to as state trooper
3.State police and highway patrol officers
active at crime scenes and spend their time investigating crimes
2.Detectives
maintain regular patrols and respond to emergency calls, involved in investigating criminal activity, directing traffic and generally helping citizens in need
1.Uniformed officers
