Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

May be defined as the system of knowledge of the natural world gained through the scientific method.
It was originally called “philosophy of the natural world” since it stemmed from the ancient Greeks’ desire to know
about nature.

A

Science

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2
Q

Comes from Greek words tekhnē meaning “art or craft” and –logia, meaning a
“subject or interest”.

A

Technology

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3
Q

Advances
in
knowledge, skills, and
technology had been
part of human history
long
before our ancestors were fully human.

A

Ancient Times

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4
Q

Have long been the first recognized technology. It is almost certain that wooden tools
preceded by millions of years, but wood survives only in
exceptional circumstances.

A

The stone ages

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5
Q

Hunting became
increasingly important. People certainly learned the ways of
their prey animals.

A

Knowledge among hunter-gatherers

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6
Q

Significant during that time because
people were trying to go places and discover new horizons. They
travelled to search for food and find better locations for their
settlements. They also travelled to trade their surplus goods in
exchange for things that they lacked.

A

Transportation

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7
Q

Assisted them
in their journeys to unfamiliar and strange areas in the world. It
allowed them to return home after they discovered new places or completed an important trade with another group of people.

A

Navigation

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8
Q

Essential in their endeavors to
discover and occupy new places.

A

Communication

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9
Q

It was also vital to keep records of their history and culture so they could establish their identities as they tried to relate with other cultures and civilizations.

A

Record-keeping

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10
Q

Were important as well in the
discovery of new places or the establishment of new alliances
with other tribes. At that time, there was always a risk of conflict
when people met others with different culture and orientations.

A

Weapons and armors

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11
Q

The early people might have been successful in harnessing
the rich resources that the world could provide, but their survival
posed a great problem.

A

Conservation of life

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12
Q

In order to integrate their needs- for better transportation, establishment of structures for protection from
human attacks and natural disasters, and construction of bigger
and stronger infrastructures- people ventured into what is now
known as the field of ____________.

A

Engineering

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13
Q

The development in engineering also ushered in the introduction of ____________.

A

Architecture

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14
Q

Is located on
the
southernmost
tipoff
ancient Mesopotamia.

A

Sumerian civilization

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15
Q

Sumerian civilization invention

A

-Cuneiform
-Irrigation and Dikes
-Sailboats
-wheel
-The plow
-The Great ziggurat of Ur

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16
Q

One of the major
contributions of
the Sumerians is the development of the first writing system.

A

Cuneiform

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17
Q

Also called the mountain of god, was built in the same manner that they
constructed the City of Uruk.

A

The Great Ziggurat of Ur

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18
Q

The sumerian were challenged to mass produce food items but elements in the environment seem uncooperative. It was difficult to get water
from the rivers, thus they could not maintain farmlands.

A

Irrigation and Dikes

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19
Q

Essential in transportation and trading
as well as in fostering culture, information, and technology.

A

Sailboats

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20
Q

In the latter part of
their history, the Sumerians
were able to invent the _______
since the specialized tools
needed to create it were
already available.

A

Wheel

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21
Q

Was invented to dig the earth in a faster pace.

A

The plow

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22
Q

Emerged near the Tigris and
Euphrates Rivers. Were great builders, engineers, and architects.

A

Babylonian Civilization

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23
Q

Considered as one of the greatest engineering and architectural achievements of
the world that is almost impossible to replicate.

A

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

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24
Q

Another early civilization famous for its legacy is the ________ located in North America.

A

Egyptian Civilization

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25
Egyptian Civilization Inventions
Papyrus Ink Hieroglyphics Cosmetics Wig Water clock/clepsydra
26
Was a plant that grew abundantly along the Nile River in Egypt. They were able to process the plant in order to produce thin sheets on which one could write down things.
Papyrus
27
It must also be tamper-proof so that people could not simply tinker with those written down by authorities.
Ink
28
Like the Sumerians, the Egyptians also developed a system of writing using symbols,known as _________.
Hieroglyphics
29
The modern times are used to improve and highlight the facial features of a person, their function in ancient Egypt was for both health and aesthetic reasons.
Cosmetics
30
Used to enhance the appearance of people who are balding or those who want to try new hair trends.
Wig
31
was widely used as a timekeeping device during the ancient times.
Water clock/Clepsydra
32
An archipelago in the southeastern part of Europe. Known as the birthplace of western philosophy.
Greek civilization
33
Greek civilization invention
Alarm clock Water mill
34
Used large complicated mechanisms to time the alarm.
Alarm clock
35
Considered as one of the most important contributions of the Greek civilization to the world.
Water mill
36
Was perceived to be the strongest political and social entity in the west. It was considered to be the cradle of politics and governance during that period.
Roman Civilization
37
Roman Civilization Inventions
News paper Bound books or codex Roman architecture Roman numerals
38
Known as gazettes, contained announcements of the Roman Empire to the people.
Newspaper
39
With the invention of paper, it became easier for civilizations to write down everything that happened in their time.
Bound books or codex
40
One of the most visual contributions of the ancient Roman Empire to the world.
Roman Architecture
41
These old systems could not keep up with high calculation requirements due to the increasing rate of communication and trade among nations.
Roman Numerals
42
Considered to be the oldest civilization in Asia.
Chinese Civilization
43
Chinese Civilization Contributions
Silk Tea production Great wall of china Gunpowder
44
Resulted in the creation of a product for trade.
Silk
45
A beverage produced by pouring hot or boiling water over crushed or shredded dried tea leaves.
Tea production
46
Once considered the only man-made structure that could be seen from outer space, the ______________ is said to be the largest and most extensive infrastructure that the nation built.
Great wall of china
47
It was developed by Chinese alchemists who aimed to achieve immortality.
Gunpowder
48
Was marred by massive invasions and migrations. Wars were prevalent during this time.
Medieval/Middle Ages
49
Medieval/Middle Ages Inventions
Printing press Microscope Telescope War weapons
50
Invented to address the need for publishing books that would spread information to many people at a faster rate. This invention also made works accessible to individuals who could not even write.
Printing press
51
Key in discovering new means in preventing and curing various illnesses.
Microscope
52
An optical instruments that help in the observation of remote objects, were a great help for navigators during this time.
Telescope
53
Wars were widespread during the Middle Ages, great development in the weaponry technology also occurred.
War weapons
54
The booming world population during the nineteenth century onwards demanded that more goods to be produced at a faster rate.
Modern times
55
Modern times civilization
Pasteurization Petroleum refinery Telephone Calculator
56
Were able to develop better means of production to meet the needs of the population, food preservation and food safety became an issue.
Pasteurization
57
Widely used in powering automobiles, factories, and power plants, among others.
Petroleum refinery
58
The more people got connected by trade and exploration, the more they needed a way to easily maintain these connections and communicate with each other in real time.
Telephone
59
Required a faster way to compute more complicated equations.
Calculator
60
Known to be one of the most vulnerable countries in terms of natural disasters.
Philippines Invention
61
It has become ordinary for Filipinos to convert transport vehicles into something more useful.
Salamander Amphibious Tricycle
62
an environment-friendly light source that runs on salt water.
Salt lamp
63
Main purpose was to maintain conditions suitable for a newborn, usually a pre-term baby.
Medical Incubator
64
This trap system is made of natural ingredients that are lethal to mosquitos but safe for humans and the environment.
Mosquito Ovicidal/Larvicidal Trap System
65
This modern type of transportation utilizes electricity instead of the more expensive diesel. It is environment-friendly since it does not emit any smoke and noise.
Ejeepney