Chapter 1 Flashcards
May be defined as the system of knowledge of the natural world gained through the scientific method.
It was originally called “philosophy of the natural world” since it stemmed from the ancient Greeks’ desire to know
about nature.
Science
Comes from Greek words tekhnē meaning “art or craft” and –logia, meaning a
“subject or interest”.
Technology
Advances
in
knowledge, skills, and
technology had been
part of human history
long
before our ancestors were fully human.
Ancient Times
Have long been the first recognized technology. It is almost certain that wooden tools
preceded by millions of years, but wood survives only in
exceptional circumstances.
The stone ages
Hunting became
increasingly important. People certainly learned the ways of
their prey animals.
Knowledge among hunter-gatherers
Significant during that time because
people were trying to go places and discover new horizons. They
travelled to search for food and find better locations for their
settlements. They also travelled to trade their surplus goods in
exchange for things that they lacked.
Transportation
Assisted them
in their journeys to unfamiliar and strange areas in the world. It
allowed them to return home after they discovered new places or completed an important trade with another group of people.
Navigation
Essential in their endeavors to
discover and occupy new places.
Communication
It was also vital to keep records of their history and culture so they could establish their identities as they tried to relate with other cultures and civilizations.
Record-keeping
Were important as well in the
discovery of new places or the establishment of new alliances
with other tribes. At that time, there was always a risk of conflict
when people met others with different culture and orientations.
Weapons and armors
The early people might have been successful in harnessing
the rich resources that the world could provide, but their survival
posed a great problem.
Conservation of life
In order to integrate their needs- for better transportation, establishment of structures for protection from
human attacks and natural disasters, and construction of bigger
and stronger infrastructures- people ventured into what is now
known as the field of ____________.
Engineering
The development in engineering also ushered in the introduction of ____________.
Architecture
Is located on
the
southernmost
tipoff
ancient Mesopotamia.
Sumerian civilization
Sumerian civilization invention
-Cuneiform
-Irrigation and Dikes
-Sailboats
-wheel
-The plow
-The Great ziggurat of Ur
One of the major
contributions of
the Sumerians is the development of the first writing system.
Cuneiform
Also called the mountain of god, was built in the same manner that they
constructed the City of Uruk.
The Great Ziggurat of Ur
The sumerian were challenged to mass produce food items but elements in the environment seem uncooperative. It was difficult to get water
from the rivers, thus they could not maintain farmlands.
Irrigation and Dikes
Essential in transportation and trading
as well as in fostering culture, information, and technology.
Sailboats
In the latter part of
their history, the Sumerians
were able to invent the _______
since the specialized tools
needed to create it were
already available.
Wheel
Was invented to dig the earth in a faster pace.
The plow
Emerged near the Tigris and
Euphrates Rivers. Were great builders, engineers, and architects.
Babylonian Civilization
Considered as one of the greatest engineering and architectural achievements of
the world that is almost impossible to replicate.
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Another early civilization famous for its legacy is the ________ located in North America.
Egyptian Civilization
Egyptian Civilization Inventions
Papyrus
Ink
Hieroglyphics
Cosmetics
Wig
Water clock/clepsydra
Was a plant
that grew abundantly along the Nile River in Egypt. They were able to process the plant in order to produce thin sheets on
which one could write down things.
Papyrus
It must also be tamper-proof so that people
could not simply tinker with those written down by authorities.
Ink
Like the Sumerians, the Egyptians also developed a system of writing
using symbols,known as _________.
Hieroglyphics
The modern times are used to improve and highlight the facial features of a person, their function in ancient Egypt was for both health and aesthetic reasons.
Cosmetics
Used to enhance the appearance of people who are balding or those
who want to try new hair trends.
Wig
was widely used as a timekeeping device during the ancient times.
Water clock/Clepsydra
An archipelago in the southeastern part of
Europe. Known as the birthplace of western philosophy.
Greek civilization
Greek civilization invention
Alarm clock
Water mill
Used large complicated mechanisms to time the alarm.
Alarm clock
Considered as one of the most important contributions of the Greek civilization to the world.
Water mill
Was perceived to be the strongest
political and social entity in the west. It was considered to be the cradle of politics and governance during that period.
Roman Civilization
Roman Civilization Inventions
News paper
Bound books or codex
Roman architecture
Roman numerals
Known as gazettes, contained
announcements of the Roman Empire to the people.
Newspaper
With the invention of paper,
it became easier for civilizations to
write down everything that happened in their time.
Bound books or codex
One of the most visual contributions of the ancient Roman Empire to the world.
Roman Architecture
These old systems could not keep up with high calculation requirements due to the increasing rate of
communication and trade among nations.
Roman Numerals
Considered to be the oldest civilization in Asia.
Chinese Civilization
Chinese Civilization Contributions
Silk
Tea production
Great wall of china
Gunpowder
Resulted in the creation of a product for trade.
Silk
A beverage produced by pouring hot or boiling water over crushed or shredded dried tea leaves.
Tea production
Once considered the only man-made structure that
could be seen from outer space, the ______________ is said
to be the largest and most extensive infrastructure that the
nation built.
Great wall of china
It was developed by Chinese alchemists who aimed to achieve immortality.
Gunpowder
Was marred by massive invasions
and migrations. Wars were prevalent during this time.
Medieval/Middle Ages
Medieval/Middle Ages Inventions
Printing press
Microscope
Telescope
War weapons
Invented to address the need for publishing books that would spread information to many people at a faster rate. This invention also made works accessible to individuals
who could not even write.
Printing press
Key in discovering new means in preventing and curing various illnesses.
Microscope
An
optical instruments that help in the observation of remote objects, were a great help for navigators during this time.
Telescope
Wars were widespread during the Middle Ages, great development in the weaponry technology also occurred.
War weapons
The booming world population during the nineteenth century onwards demanded that more goods to be produced at a faster rate.
Modern times
Modern times civilization
Pasteurization
Petroleum refinery
Telephone
Calculator
Were able to develop better means of
production to meet the needs of the population, food
preservation and food safety became an issue.
Pasteurization
Widely
used in powering automobiles, factories, and power plants,
among others.
Petroleum refinery
The more people got connected by trade and
exploration, the more they needed a way to easily maintain
these connections and communicate with each other in real
time.
Telephone
Required a faster way to compute more complicated equations.
Calculator
Known to be one of the most
vulnerable countries in terms of natural disasters.
Philippines Invention
It has become ordinary for Filipinos to convert transport vehicles into something more useful.
Salamander Amphibious Tricycle
an environment-friendly light source that runs on salt water.
Salt lamp
Main purpose was to maintain conditions suitable for a newborn,
usually a pre-term baby.
Medical Incubator
This trap system is made of natural ingredients that are lethal to mosquitos but safe for
humans and the environment.
Mosquito Ovicidal/Larvicidal Trap System
This modern type of transportation utilizes electricity instead of the more expensive diesel. It is environment-friendly since it does not emit any smoke and noise.
Ejeepney
