Chapter 1 Flashcards
May be defined as the system of knowledge of the natural world gained through the scientific method.
It was originally called “philosophy of the natural world” since it stemmed from the ancient Greeks’ desire to know
about nature.
Science
Comes from Greek words tekhnē meaning “art or craft” and –logia, meaning a
“subject or interest”.
Technology
Advances
in
knowledge, skills, and
technology had been
part of human history
long
before our ancestors were fully human.
Ancient Times
Have long been the first recognized technology. It is almost certain that wooden tools
preceded by millions of years, but wood survives only in
exceptional circumstances.
The stone ages
Hunting became
increasingly important. People certainly learned the ways of
their prey animals.
Knowledge among hunter-gatherers
Significant during that time because
people were trying to go places and discover new horizons. They
travelled to search for food and find better locations for their
settlements. They also travelled to trade their surplus goods in
exchange for things that they lacked.
Transportation
Assisted them
in their journeys to unfamiliar and strange areas in the world. It
allowed them to return home after they discovered new places or completed an important trade with another group of people.
Navigation
Essential in their endeavors to
discover and occupy new places.
Communication
It was also vital to keep records of their history and culture so they could establish their identities as they tried to relate with other cultures and civilizations.
Record-keeping
Were important as well in the
discovery of new places or the establishment of new alliances
with other tribes. At that time, there was always a risk of conflict
when people met others with different culture and orientations.
Weapons and armors
The early people might have been successful in harnessing
the rich resources that the world could provide, but their survival
posed a great problem.
Conservation of life
In order to integrate their needs- for better transportation, establishment of structures for protection from
human attacks and natural disasters, and construction of bigger
and stronger infrastructures- people ventured into what is now
known as the field of ____________.
Engineering
The development in engineering also ushered in the introduction of ____________.
Architecture
Is located on
the
southernmost
tipoff
ancient Mesopotamia.
Sumerian civilization
Sumerian civilization invention
-Cuneiform
-Irrigation and Dikes
-Sailboats
-wheel
-The plow
-The Great ziggurat of Ur
One of the major
contributions of
the Sumerians is the development of the first writing system.
Cuneiform
Also called the mountain of god, was built in the same manner that they
constructed the City of Uruk.
The Great Ziggurat of Ur
The sumerian were challenged to mass produce food items but elements in the environment seem uncooperative. It was difficult to get water
from the rivers, thus they could not maintain farmlands.
Irrigation and Dikes
Essential in transportation and trading
as well as in fostering culture, information, and technology.
Sailboats
In the latter part of
their history, the Sumerians
were able to invent the _______
since the specialized tools
needed to create it were
already available.
Wheel
Was invented to dig the earth in a faster pace.
The plow
Emerged near the Tigris and
Euphrates Rivers. Were great builders, engineers, and architects.
Babylonian Civilization
Considered as one of the greatest engineering and architectural achievements of
the world that is almost impossible to replicate.
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Another early civilization famous for its legacy is the ________ located in North America.
Egyptian Civilization
Egyptian Civilization Inventions
Papyrus
Ink
Hieroglyphics
Cosmetics
Wig
Water clock/clepsydra
Was a plant
that grew abundantly along the Nile River in Egypt. They were able to process the plant in order to produce thin sheets on
which one could write down things.
Papyrus
