CHAPTER 1 Flashcards
biological differences between males and females
sex
include internal and external genitals
primary sex characteristics
used to differentiate between men and women is called ____which includes non-genital differences.
secondary sex characteristics,
is the study of the structures of the human body, such as the features of how the organs, tissues and body systems are constructed
Anatomy
, on the other hand, is the study of the coordinated functions of the organs, tissues and systems in the body
Physiology
Place where embryo develops
Uterus
Conduit through which the ovule is conducted to the uterus
Fallopian tube
Production of the ova and hormones
Ovaries
Place where semen male is deposited
Vagina
Connect to the vagina and consists of a ring of muscles
Cervix
carries sperm to the penis during ejoculation
Vas deferens (sperm duct)
Adds alkaline fluids that neutralise the vaginal
acids
Prostate gland
Delivers semen during ejaculation and urine
during excretion
urethra
Muscles become erect to penetrate the vagina
during sexual intercourse
Delivers sperm to the top of the vagina
Penis/erectile muscle
Sperm mature here and become able to move
Sperm stored awaiting ejaculation
epididymis
Protects and holds the testes outside the body (to
maintain a lower optimum temperature for spemm
production)
scrotum
adds nutrients including fructose sugar for
respiration
Adds mucus to protect sperm
Seminal vesicle
Produces (millions) of sperm (every day)
Produces testosterone
testis (pl. testes)
What are the THE PROCESS OF REPRODUCTION
Gamete production
Sexual intercourse
Fertilization
Implantation
Pregnancy
Birth
A stage of the human sexual response cycle where it is the beginning of arousal, in which blood flow increases and causes engorgement in the genitals and nipples, accompanied by an increase in heart rate, breathing rate, muscle tone and blood pressure.
Excitement stage
A stage in the human sexual response cycle which is brief, and which involves an increase in arousal.
Plateau stage
Stage of the human sexual response cycle which involves waves of muscle spasms and pleasure that last several seconds. During this phase, the uterus has several contractions, and the penis has contractions at its base, causing semen, the fluid containing sperm, to ejaculate into the vagina.
orgasm
the human sexual response cycle in which body relaxes to its original state.
resolution
The total period of embryonic development, from the time of fertilization of birth, is called
gestation period
WHO defines ___ as a state of physical, emotional, mental and social wellbeing in relation to sexuality; it is not merely the absence of disease, dysfunction or infirmity.
sexual health
requires a positive and respectful approach to sexuality and sexual relationships, as well as the possibility of having pleasurable and safe sexual experiences, free of coercion, discrimination and violence.
Sexual health
What are the Common Sexual Health Concerns
sti/std
Physical ailment
HPV
Differentiate STI from STD
sexually transmitted diseases are generally not curable, while infections are often curable.
Painful sex, vaginal dryness, inability to have an orgasm, and other physical issues can lower the desire to have sex.
Physical Ailments
It is a very common virus. There are about 100 types of __ that affect different parts of the body. About __ types of this virus can affect the genitals — including the vulva, vagina, cervix, penis and scrotum — as well as the rectum and a nus. Of those, about ___ types are considered “high risk,” for leading to cervical cancer.
HPV
30
14
is a series of practices performed to preserve health
Hygiene
” refers to conditions and practices that help to maintain health and prevent the spread of diseases.”
Hygiene
refers to maintaining the body’s cleanliness.
Personal hygiene
What are the strategies for reproductive and sexual-ill health?
Family planning
Maternal health
Proper medical care
Awareness
Sex ed
Access to reproductive and sexual health
Birth control devices
Prevention of sex abuse and sex related crimes
Misuse of amniocentesis
The Top Five Risky Behavior
Behavior that may lead to violence or injury:
Unsafe sexual behavior:
Alcohol, substance, and tobacco use:
Unsafe driving or riding:
Poor self-care
Healthy risk-taking activities include
Playing sports
Outdoor adventures
Performing on stage
Volunteering in an unknown situation
Reaching out to make new friends
Examples of Masculinity Countries
Japan (highest scoring country in the world!)
USA (not surprisingly maybe)
The UK
Italy
Nigeria
Examples of Feminine Countries
The Netherlands
Nordic Countries
Iceland
Chile
Thailand
indicates that there is a greater importance place on attaining personal goals. A person’s self-image in this category is defined as Ï”.
Individualism
indicates that there is a greater importance placed on the goals and well-being of the group. A person’s self-image in this category is defined as “We”.
Collectivism
are those behaviors seen from men and women in those old
movies.
Traditional gender roles
This refers to how work is organized in a community, how it is divided among women and
men through gender soc0ialisation within the culture they live in.
Gender Division of Labor
type of labor or gender roles which is Related to the production of goods and services; can be paid or unpaid
PRODUCTIVE ROLE
type of labor or gender roles that involves House work, caring household
REPRODUCTIVE ROLE
type of labor or gender roles which involve participation in collective activities, ceremonies, or feast.
COMMUNITY ROLE
It is a systematic analytical process used to identify, understand, and describe gender differences and the relevance of gender roles and power dynamics in a specific context
Gender Analysis
it is a basis of all tools of gender mainstreaming.
Gender Analysis
is characterized by the existence of unequal opportunities and rewards for different social positions or statuses within a group or society
Social inequality
It contains structured and recurrent patterns of unequal distributions of goods, wealth, opportunities, rewards, and punishments.
Social inequality
two main ways to measure social inequality
Inequality of conditions
Inequality of opportunities
refers to the unequal distribution of income, wealth, and material goods.
Inequality of conditions
refers to the unequal distribution of life chances across individuals. This is reflected in measures such as level of education, health status, and treatment by the criminal justice system.
Inequality of opportunities
happens when we attribute a certain trait or characteristic to an entire group of people. I
Stereotyping
a process of categorizing people in broad ways, based on things that are not usually true.
Stereotyping
A ___ is a widely accepted judgment or bias about a person or group — even though it’s overly simplified and not always accurate.
stereotype
Stereotypes about gender can cause unequal and unfair treatment because of a person’s gender. This is called .
sexism
four basic kinds of gender stereotypes:
Personality traits
Domestic behaviors
Occupations
Physical appearance
women are often expected to be accommodating and emotional, while men are usually expected to be self-confident and aggressive.
Personality traits
some people expect that women will take care of the children, cook, and clean the home, while men take care of finances, work on the car, and do the home repairs.
Domestic behaviors
Some people are quick to assume that teachers and nurses are women, and that pilots, doctors, and engineers are men.
Occupations
women are expected to be thin and graceful, while men are expected to be tall and muscular. Men and women are also expected to dress and groom in ways that are stereotypical to their gender (men wearing pants and short hairstyles, women wearing dresses and make-up
Physical appearance
Factors that Affect our Mental Health and Well-being
Biological factors, such as genes or brain chemistry
Life experiences, such as trauma or abuse
Family history of mental health problems
: An Act Establishing a National Mental Health Policy for the Purpose of Enhancing the Delivery of Integrated Mental Health Services, Promoting and Protecting the Rights of Persons Utilizing Psychiatric, Neurologic and Psychosocial Health Services, Appropriating Funds Therefor, and for other Purposes.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 11036
Also known as the Philippine Mental Health Law that strengthens the government’s commitment to secure the rights and welfare of persons with mental health needs.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 11036
The law seeks to capacitate more mental health professionals and improve Filipino’s access to psychosocial services as well as government subsidy for treatment and medicines.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 11036
is in response to the increasing cases of depression and suicide among the Filipinos.
RA 11036
It mandates the government to adequately address the needs of Filipinos on responsible parenthood and reproductive health.
Republic Act 10354: The Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012.
The law aims to empower the Filipino people, especially women and youth, through informed choice and age- and development- appropriate education.
Republic Act 10354: The Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012.
The law guarantees access to information, facilities and services most especially for the poor by ensuring stable and sustainable reproductive health programs are in place through partnerships between national and local governments in collaboration with CSOs, basic sectors, academe and private sector.
Republic Act 10354: The Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012.
The law provides the compulsory and immediate isolation and treatment of patients, and that the cost of such treatment for COVID-19 patients shall be covered under the National Health Insurance Program of the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth).
Republic Act No. 11469: The Bayanihan to Heal as One Act
The State declares its determination to eliminate hunger and reduce all forms of malnutrition. The State further maintains that ensuring healthy lives, promoting well-being, ending hunger and food insecurity, and achieving good nutrition for all at all ages are essential to the attainment of sustainable development.
Republic Act No. 11148: Kalusugan at Nutrisyon ng Mag-Nanay Act
Provide comprehensive, sustainable, multisectoral strategies and approaches to address health and nutrition problems of newborns, infants and young children, pregnant and lactating women and adolescent females, as well as multi-factorial issues that negatively affect the development of newborns, infants and young children, integrating the short, medium and long-term plans of the government to end hunger, improve health and nutrition, and reduce malnutrition;
Republic Act No. 11148: Kalusugan at Nutrisyon ng Mag-Nanay Act
