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Strength and Conditioning > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The Modalities of Strength and Training Conditioning

A
  • Resistance (Weight) Training (RT)
  • Plyometrics
  • Sprint/Agility Training
  • Flexibility Exercises
  • Aerobic Training
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2
Q

The Health- and Skill-Related Components of Fitness

A
  • Strength
  • Power
  • Speed
  • Jumping Ability
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3
Q

History of S&C: 2500 BC

A

art of strength contests on tomb walls in Egypt

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4
Q

History of S&C: 1800 BC

A

weight-throwing contests in Ireland

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5
Q

History of S&C: 1122-255 BC

A

strength tests in military in China

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6
Q

History of S&C: 6th century BC

A

rigorous military training in Greece

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7
Q

History: Greece

A
  • Spartan boys sent to military school at 6-7 years of age

– Gymnastics, run, jump, javelin, discus, swim, & hunt

– Olympic games

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8
Q

Who is related to the concept of progressive overload?

A

Greek strongman and wrestler “Milo of Crotona.”

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9
Q

Who was important between 129-199 AD in science and medicine for strength and conditioning?

A

Greek physician Galen

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10
Q

Greek physician Galen

A
  • Recommended RT
    – Promoted use of handheld weights
    – Worked with gladiators
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11
Q

History of S&C Science & Medicine: Renaissance

A
  • French writer Montaigne described benefits of RT

– Camerarius (1544): wrote on RT health & performance benefits

– Vesalius (1514-1564): wrote book on A&P

– Albinus (1697-1770): wrote book on A&P

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12
Q

When did strength and conditioning gain popularity?

A

the 19th century

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13
Q

History of S&C: 19th Century

A
  • Physical educators brought ideas to U.S. from Europe
  • Rigorous training programs established

Use of ropes, medicine balls, dumbbells, clubs

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14
Q

In what sport were rigorous training programs established?

A

Gymnastics, manual RT, calisthenics, flexibility exercises,
games/sports, dance

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15
Q

What did Dudley Sargent (1849-1924) do in the 19th century?

A

invented exercise
machines & developed assessments of muscle strength

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16
Q

When was the era of the strongmen?

A

(mid-1800s to early 1900s)

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17
Q

Where did the strongman often appear?

A

in the “side shows” of circuses, state fairs, etcetera of the era

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18
Q

Era of the Strongmen: Louis Cyr (1863-1912)

A

4,337-lb back lift & horse pull

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19
Q

Era of the Strongmen: George Hackenschmidt (1877-1968)

A

wrestling champion

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20
Q

Era of the Strongmen: Eugen Sandow (1867-1925)

A

model for Mr. Olympia trophy

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21
Q

Brief History of S&C: 20th Century

A
  • RT myths & misconceptions escalated
  • Strongmen marketed alternative RT equipment or
    programs
22
Q

Who developed the training philosophy Dynamic Tension in the 20th century?

A

Angelo Sicliano aka Charles Atlas (ads in comics and shi)

23
Q

History of S&C: 20th Century important years

A
  • 1899: first issue of Physical Culture magazine

– 1902: Strength Magazine published

– 1894-1946: publication of many weight training books

24
Q

History of S&C: Weightlifting

A

1891: First weightlifting championship

– 1896: Weightlifting first entered Olympics

– Bob Hoffman (1898-1895): “Father of American
Weightlifting”

25
Q

History of S&C: Bodybuilding

A
  • Begun in early 1900s

– Mr. America competitions in 1930s & 1940s

– Joe Weider: legendary bodybuilder

26
Q

Naim Suleymanoglu

A

He was a seven-time World Weightlifting champion and a three-time Olympic gold medalist who set 46 world records. “Pocket Hercules”

27
Q

Joe Weider is known for what?

A

His work largely led to the
the popularity of bodybuilding in the U.S.

28
Q

History of S&C: Powerlifting

A

Evolved in late 1950s

– Composed of squat, bench press, & deadlift

– First championships in 1964 in York, PA

– International Powerlifting Federation formed in 1972

– Powerlifting USA magazine published in 1980s

29
Q

History of S&C: Strength Competitions

A
  • 1977: World’s Strongest Man competition begun

– Involves athletes from multiple sports

30
Q

History of S&C: Strength &
Conditioning Today

A
  • RT is Recommended for virtually Everyone
  • RT has been Shown to Enhance Health, Well-being, and Performance
  • There has been a huge increase in the valid scientific
    study of RT beginning 1970s
31
Q

What did the American College of Sports Medicine do in 1998?

A

released their first position stand on RT

32
Q

What is the most important benefit of RT for performance?

A

↑ capacity to perform activities
of daily living (becomes more
important as we age)

33
Q

What are the Health-Related Fitness Components?

A
  • Muscular strength
    – Muscular endurance
    – Cardiovascular endurance
    – Flexibility
    – Body composition
34
Q

What are the Skill-Related Fitness Components?

A
  • Power
    – Speed
    – Agility
    – Balance & coordination
    – Reaction time
35
Q

Bodybuilding components

A
  • Physique contest judged subjectively by panel

– RT is essential component of training

– Presentation of physique is critical

– Compulsory poses

– Choreographed posing routine

– Training aimed at hypertrophy, symmetry, shape, & definition

36
Q

What is the only lifting sport in the Olympics?

A

weightlifting

37
Q

What are the two competitive forms of weightlifting in the Olympics?

A

The snatch and clean & jerk

38
Q

Weightlifting components

A
  • Competition on amount of weight lifted relative to weight class
  • Requires total body coordination, power, & speed
39
Q

Vasily Alekseyev

A

weightlifter who dominated the sport in the 1970s

40
Q

Powerlifting components

A
  • Maximal performance of three competition lifts:
  • Squat
  • Bench press
  • Deadlift

– Placing is based on maximum lifting performance over 3 trials

– Weight classes

– Specialized equipment

41
Q

What are some examples of specialized equipment used in powerlifting?

A

bench press shirts, squat suits, erector shirts, wraps

42
Q

What is an example of a strength competition?

A

“World’s Strongest Man”

43
Q

Strength competitions involve what?

A
  • Max dynamic & ISOM
    strength
  • Grip strength/endurance
  • Power
  • Strength endurance
  • Pain tolerance
  • Determination
44
Q

Strength competitions common events

A
  • Farmer’s walk
  • Tire flipping
  • Various loading
  • Medleys
  • Barrel loading
  • Various deadlifts
  • Car walk
  • Duck walk
45
Q

How is education in S&C gained?

A

scholarly study
(including certifications), personal experience, and
professional practice

46
Q

Education and Proficiencies: Scholarly study

A
  • BS or BA degree is highly recommended in an exercise-related
    field
  • Master’s required in higher-level jobs
47
Q

Education and Proficiencies: Personal experience

A
  • Playing sports
  • Training
  • Observations of other athletes & coaches
48
Q

Education and Proficiencies: Professional practice

A

internships

49
Q

Important Memberships and Certifications Benefits

A
  • Networking
  • Access to Liability insurance – an often overlooked, but
    important benefit
50
Q

The most recognized organizations

A

National Strength & Conditioning Association (NSCA)

– American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM)

– Collegiate Strength & Conditioning Coaches Association (CSCCa)

– USA Weightlifting

– International Sport Sciences Association (ISSA)

51
Q

What are the Duties, Roles, and Responsibilities of a S&C professional?

A
  • Assess, motivate, educate, & train athletes to improve sport
    performance

– Conduct sport-specific testing sessions

– Design & implement safe & effective S&C programs for your
clients (athletes or not)

– Provide guidance for clients in nutrition & injury prevention

Strength and Conditioning (2 decks)

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