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CHS 260: Medical Terminology > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

-algia

A

pain, suffering

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2
Q

dys-

A

bad, difficult, or painful

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3
Q

-ectomy

A

surgical removal, cutting out

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4
Q

hyper-

A

excessive, increased

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5
Q

hypo-

A

deficient, decreased

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6
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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7
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition, disease

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8
Q

-ostomy

A

the surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface

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9
Q

-otomy

A

cutting, surgical incision

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10
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

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11
Q

-rrhage

A

bleeding, abnormal excessive fluid dishcharge

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12
Q

-rrhaphy

A

surgical suturing

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13
Q

-rrhea

A

flow, discharge

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14
Q

-rrhexis

A

rupture

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15
Q

-sclerosis

A

abnormal hardening

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16
Q

abdominocentesis
(ab-dom-ih-noh-sen-TEE-sis)

A

The surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes.

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17
Q

acronym (ACK-roh-nim)

A

A word formed from the initial letters of the major parts of a compound term.

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18
Q

acute

A

A condition that has a rapid onset, a severe course, and a relatively short duration.

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19
Q

angiography (an-jee-OG-rah-fee)

A

The process of producing a radiographic study of the blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium to make the blood vessels visible.

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20
Q

appendectomy (ap-en-DECK-toh-mee)

A

Surgical removal of the appendix.

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21
Q

arteriosclerosis (ar-tee-ree-oh-skleh-ROH-sis)

A

Abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries.

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22
Q

arthralgia (ar-THRAL-jee-ah)

A

Pain in a joint or joints.

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23
Q

colostomy (koh-LAHS-toh-mee)

A

The surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface.

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24
Q

cyanosis (sigh-ah-NOH-sis)

A

Blue discoloration of the skin caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood.

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25
Q

dermatologist (der-mah-TOL-oh-jist)

A

A physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin.

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26
Q

diagnosis (dye-ag-NOH-sis)

A

The identification of a disease.

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27
Q

diarrhea (dye-ah-REE-ah)

A

The frequent flow of loose or watery stools.

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28
Q

edema (eh-DEE-mah)

A

Swelling caused by excess fluid in body tissues.

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29
Q

endarterial (end-ar-TEE-ree-al)

A

Pertaining to the interior or lining of an artery.

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30
Q

eponym (EP-oh-nim)

A

A disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who discovered or described it first.

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31
Q

erythrocyte (eh-RITH-roh-sight)

A

A mature red blood cell.

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32
Q

fissure (FISH-ur)

A

A groove or cracklike sore of the skin; also a normal fold in the contours of the brain.

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33
Q

fistula (FIS-chuh-lah)

A

An abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body.

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34
Q

gastralgia (gas-TRAL-jee-ah)

A

Pain in the stomach.

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35
Q

gastritis (gas-TRY-tis)

A

Inflammation of the stomach.

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36
Q

gastroenteritis (gas-troh-en-ter-EYE-tis)

A

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine.

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37
Q

gastrosis (gas-TROH-sis)

A

Any abnormal condition or disease of the stomach.

38
Q

hemorrhage (HEM-or-idj)

A

The loss of a large amount of blood in a short time.

39
Q

hepatomegaly (hep-ah-toh-MEG-ah-lee)

A

Abnormal enlargement of the liver.

40
Q

hypertension (high-per-TEN-shun)

A

Higher-than-normal blood pressure.

41
Q

hypotension (high-poh-TEN-shun)

A

Lower-than-normal blood pressure.

42
Q

infection (in-FECK-shun)

A

Invasion of the body by a pathogenic organism.

43
Q

inflammation (in-flah-MAY-shun)

A

A localized response to an injury or destruction of tissues that is characterized by heat, redness, swelling, and pain

The key indicators of inflammation are

(1)erythema (redness),
(2)hyperthermia (heat),
(3)edema (swelling), and
(4)pain .

44
Q

interstitial (in-ter-STISH-al)

A

Between, but not within, the parts of a tissue.

45
Q

intramuscular (in-trah-MUS-kyou-lar)

A

Within the muscle.

46
Q

laceration (lass-er-AY-shun)

A

A torn, jagged wound or an accidental cut wound.

47
Q

lesion (LEE-zhun)

A

A pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury.

48
Q

malaise (mah-LAYZ)

A

A feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness that is often the first indication of an infection or other disease.

49
Q

mycosis (my-KOH-sis)

A

Any abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus.

50
Q

myelopathy (my-eh-LOP-ah-thee)

A

Any pathologic change or disease in the spinal cord.

51
Q

myopathy (my-OP-ah-thee)

A

Any pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue.

52
Q

myorrhexis (my-oh-RECK-sis)

A

The rupture of a muscle.

53
Q

natal (NAY-tal)

A

Pertaining to birth.

54
Q

neonatology (nee-oh-nay-TOL-oh-jee)

A

Study of disorders of the newborn.

55
Q

neurorrhaphy (new-ROR-ah-fee)

A

Suturing together the ends of a severed nerve.

56
Q

otorhinolaryngology (oh-toh-rye-noh-lar-in-GOL-oh-jee)

A

Study of the ears, nose, and throat.

57
Q

palpation (pal-PAY-shun)

A

An examination technique in which the examiner’s hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts.

58
Q

palpitation (pal-pih-TAY-shun)

A

A pounding or racing heart.

59
Q

pathology (pah-THOL-oh-jee)

A

The study of all aspects of diseases.

60
Q

phalanges (fah-LAN-jeez)

A

The bones of the fingers and toes.

61
Q

poliomyelitis (poh-lee-oh-my-eh-LYE-tis)

A

A viral infection of the gray nerve tissue of the spinal cord.

62
Q

prognosis (prog-NOH-sis)

A

A prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease.

63
Q

pyoderma (pye-oh-DER-mah)

A

Any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection.

64
Q

pyrosis (pye-ROH-sis)

A

Discomfort due to the regurgitation of stomach acid upward into the esophagus. (heartburn)

65
Q

remission

A

The temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease without having achieved a cure.

66
Q

sign

A

Objective evidence of disease, such as a fever.

67
Q

supination (soo-pih-NAY-shun)

A

The act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward.

68
Q

suppuration (sup-you-RAY-shun)

A

The formation or discharge of pus.

69
Q

supracostal (sue-prah-KOS-tal)

A

Above or outside the ribs.

70
Q

symptom (SIMP-tum)

A

Subjective evidence of a disease, such as pain or a headache.

71
Q

syndrome (SIN-drohm)

A

A set of the signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process.

72
Q

tonsillitis (ton-sih-LYE-tis)

A

Inflammation of the tonsils.

73
Q

trauma (TRAW-mah)

A

Wound or injury.

74
Q

triage (tree-AHZH)

A

Medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and the proper place of treatment.

75
Q

viral (VYE-ral)

A

Pertaining to a virus.

76
Q

arteri/o

A

artery

77
Q

ather/o

A

plaque or fatty substance

78
Q

atheroma (ath-er-OH-mah)

A

a fatty deposit within the wall of an artery ( ather means fatty substance, and -oma means tumor).

79
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

80
Q

ileum (ILL-ee-um)

A

the last and longest portion of the small intestine.

Memory aid: ileum is spelled with an e as in int e stine.

81
Q

ilium (ILL-ee-um)

A

part of the hip bone.

Memory aid: ilium is spelled with an i as in h i p

82
Q

exudate (ECKS-you-dayt)

A

a fluid, such as pus, that leaks out of an infected wound.

83
Q

mucous (MYOU-kus)

A

the specialized membranes that line the body cavities.

84
Q

mucus (MYOU-kus)

A

the name of the fluid secreted by these mucous membranes.

85
Q

myc/o

A

fungus

86
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow or spinal cord

87
Q

my/o

A

muscle

88
Q

pyel/o

A

renal pelvis

89
Q

Pyelitis (pye-eh-LYE-tis)

A

inflammation of the renal pelvis ( pyel means renal pelvis, and -itis means inflammation).

90
Q

py/o

A

pus

91
Q

pyr/o

A

fever or fire

92
Q

Virile (VIR-ill)

A

having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male.

CHS 260: Medical Terminology (2 decks)

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